Charismatic Leadership Patterns of Islamic Scholars in Improving Students' Interpersonal Intelligence

Abstract

Islamic boarding houses (pesantren) are Islamic educational institutions that have flourished in Indonesia since before independence. This study aims to: 1) identify the kiai’s (Islamic boarding house leader’s) charismatic leadership style; 2) assess the students' interpersonal intelligence; and 3) determine the role of the kiai’s charismatic leadership in enhancing the students' interpersonal intelligence at the Raudlatut Thalibin Islamic Boarding house in Rembang.This study employs a qualitative method using a case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation. The research subjects included the kiai (leader), students, and the local community. Data analysis involved three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was verified through methodological triangulation. The results indicate that the kiai’s charismatic leadership style is characterized by setting a good example, possessing problem-solving skills, having a clear vision and goals, providing inspiration, demonstrating confidence in teaching religion, and encouraging students and the community to participate actively in religious, educational, and social activities. The students' interpersonal intelligence is rated as good. This is evident in their ability to interact politely and amicably while showing respect for others. The students are also capable of adapting, maintaining proper conduct, assisting the community, respecting differences, and demonstrating tolerance. The kiai’s charismatic leadership plays a role in enhancing the students' interpersonal intelligence through role modeling, the cultivation of empathy and tolerance, and activities that foster cooperation. The *kiai’s* guidance helps students learn how to interact, build positive relationships, and resolve problems wisely.