EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research
EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research (e-ISSN: 3031-2884) published twice a year (in June and December) by Edujavare Publishing. This is a multi-disciplinary scientific journal as a dialogue medium of education, social and culture issues. EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research is The RISTEKBRIN Accredited National Scientific Journal Rank 4 (SINTA 4).
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License)
Model of Internalization of Religious Values in the Formation of Civil Rights Legal Awareness Based on Collaborative Governance
Civil Servants (ASN) are a key element of government administration and are required not only to be professional but also to possess a strong legal awareness and public service ethics. This study aims to analyze the relationship between religious values, legal awareness, and Collaborative Governance in the governance of the Salatiga City DPRD Secretariat. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design, while data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The results of the study indicate that religious values internalized through Khotmil Qur'an activities, social awareness, and religious tolerance serve as the foundation of organizational ethics that strengthen the character of ASN, while legal awareness is built through legal training, work discipline, and the use of information technology to support institutional transparency and accountability. In addition, Collaborative Governance serves as a governance framework that connects moral values and legal compliance with communication, trust, and shared responsibility in public services. Thus, the governance of the Salatiga City DPRD Secretariat demonstrates that the integration of religious values, legal awareness, and a collaborative work culture can form a bureaucracy that is ethical, professional, humanistic, and responsive to the needs of the community.
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The Shift in Ideological Orientation of Muhammadiyah Youth as an Effort to Maintain Religious Harmony in Lamongan Regency
This study examines the shift in ideological orientation among youth within Muhammadiyah in Lamongan Regency amid increasing exposure to diverse religious discourses and socio-cultural dynamics. The research aims to analyze the factors driving ideological transformation and its implications for maintaining religious harmony. Employing a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis involving selected Muhammadiyah youth cadres, and analyzed using an interactive model grounded in Rational Choice Theory. The findings reveal that ideological shifts occur in multidirectional patterns, ranging from more conservative scripturalist tendencies to more accommodative and culturally adaptive orientations. These transformations are influenced by higher education environments, transnational religious exposure, and local social interactions, while organizational affiliation remains stable due to rational considerations such as social capital and institutional attachment. The study concludes that such ideological flexibility does not necessarily weaken organizational cohesion but instead creates opportunities for fostering inclusive and dialogical religious practices that support social harmony. This research contributes to the development of a nuanced framework for understanding Islamic youth dynamics by emphasizing the interplay between individual agency, institutional context, and socio-cultural influences.
Copyright (c) 2026 EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Influence of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture on Teacher Performance in Formal Schools in the Scope of Islamic Boarding Schools in Bangil District Pasuruan
This study aims to determine the influence of transformational leadership and organizational culture on teacher performance in formal schools within Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) throughout Bangil District. The data collection method used was questionnaire documentation. The population in this study was all teachers at two Islamic boarding schools: Roudlotul Aqoidi Islamic Boarding School and Darut Tauhid Islamic Boarding School, which have formal junior high schools. The sampling method used was probability sampling, where all members of the population had the opportunity to be selected. Since the population size was less than 100, the sampling requirement was to take all 31 members of the population. The data analysis techniques used in this study included validity testing, reliability testing, multiple regression equation testing, and hypothesis testing. The results of the study indicate that transformational leadership and organizational culture significantly influence teacher performance in formal schools within Islamic boarding schools throughout Bangil District, amounting to 74.4%.
Islamic Religious Education Teachers' Strategies in Improving Students' Discipline of Fardhu Prayers at State Elementary School UPT 158 Mundan, Enrekang District
This study aims to describe and analyze in depth: (1) the strategies employed by Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in improving students' obligatory prayer (shalat fardhu) discipline; (2) the effectiveness of those strategies; and (3) the supporting and inhibiting factors at UPT SD Negeri 158 Mundan, Enrekang Regency. A descriptive qualitative approach was adopted, with data gathered through participatory observation, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Eight informants participated: the school principal, one PAI teacher, five class teachers (grades II–VI), and student representatives. Data analysis followed the Miles & Huberman model: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. Data credibility was ensured through source, method, and instrument triangulation. Findings reveal: (1) Applied strategies encompass six main components: habituating congregational prayer, teacher role modeling, positive reinforcement through rewards, personal approaches and intensive parental communication, integrating prayer values into instruction, and continuous evaluation/monitoring; (2) These strategies proved effective, evidenced by improved prayer punctuality, active congregational participation, and the growth of intrinsic worship awareness among students; (3) Supporting factors include institutional commitment, synergy between the PAI teacher and class teachers, parental support, and a conducive religious environment; inhibiting factors include limited student awareness, insufficient prayer habituation at home, peer influence, dense activity schedules, and limited prayer room capacity. The study concludes that obligatory prayer, within the elementary education context, functions not only as a ritual obligation but also as a medium for character formation—cultivating discipline, responsibility, and peace of mind—which positively influences students' learning attitudes and social life.
Syekh Nawawi al-Bantani’s Thought on Adab Toward Others and Its Relevance in Contemporary Islamic Education
The thoughts of Sheikh Nawawi al-Bantani are an important part of the Islamic tradition in Indonesia. The objectives of this study are 1) To analyze the thoughts of Sheikh Nawawi al-Bantani in Maraqi al-Ubudiyah about the etiquette of fellow creatures understood and explained in his classical literature; 2) To analyze the concept of etiquette of fellow creatures in Maraqi al-Ubudiyah relevant to Islamic education in the contemporary era; 3) To analyze aspects of etiquette of fellow creatures that need to be prioritized in the implementation of the contemporary Islamic education curriculum based on Nawawi's thoughts; 4) To analyze the comparison of nuances between etiquette towards fellow creatures and etiquette towards God in Maraqi al-Ubudiyah, as well as its implications for the design of modern moral education programs. This research method uses qualitative with a library research approach (literature study) which is a data collection method that focuses on in-depth analysis of written texts, both published and unpublished. Data analysis in qualitative library research generally uses content analysis or critical discourse analysis methods. The results of the research are: 1) Adab towards fellow creatures through three main paths: (a) the basis of hadith in his commentary on Ghazali, (b) the construction of Sufi maqâmât which gave birth to social ethics, and (c) the relevance of classical literature to the practice of adab in the Islamic boarding school environment of the archipelago; 2) Adab towards fellow creatures in Maraqi al-Ubudiyyah can be operated in the context of contemporary Islamic education, by referring to relevant literature on adab, ta’dib, maqasid, and the integration of knowledge with morals; 3) Imam Nawawi and contemporary studies related to adab, teacher-student ethics, and social relations in the context of Islamic education, the priority of adab towards fellow creatures in the implementation of the contemporary curriculum needs to place adab teacher-student as the main foundation, followed by adab students, family adab, and school environment adab; 4) The book Maraqi al-‘Ubudiyah offers a complementary two-value framework between adab towards God and adab towards fellow creatures.
Optimizing Fine Motor Skills in 5-6 Year Old Children Through a Play-While-Learning Approach
This study was motivated by the low fine motor skills of children aged 5–6 years in kindergarten, such as difficulties in holding writing tools properly, cutting along patterns, and pasting objects neatly. Fine motor skills are an essential aspect of early childhood development, particularly related to hand-eye coordination and school readiness (Sujiono, 2017; Santrock, 2018). The purpose of this study was to optimize children's fine motor skills through a learning-through-play approach. This research used classroom action research based on the Kemmis and McTaggart model, which includes planning, action, observation, and reflection stages (Kemmis et al., 2014). The study was conducted in a kindergarten in Way Kanan Regency with 15 children from group B as research subjects. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation and documentation (Sugiyono, 2019). The results showed an improvement in children's fine motor skills in each cycle of learning. In the initial observation, only 33% of children reached the expected development criteria. After the implementation of actions in cycle I, the percentage increased to 60%, and further improved to 87% in cycle II. These results indicate that the learning-through-play approach can improve the fine motor skills of children aged 5–6 years, in line with previous studies highlighting the importance of play-based activities in child development (Whitebread et al., 2017). Therefore, this approach can be an effective learning strategy to stimulate fine motor development in kindergarten children.
The Role of Lecturers in Developing Digital-Based Adaptive Learning for Students
The rapid development of information and communication technology in recent decades has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including higher education. This study aims to analyze the role of lecturers in developing digital-based adaptive learning for students in the era of technological transformation. The approach used in this study is qualitative with a descriptive research type. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation of lecturers and students involved in the digital-based learning process. Data analysis techniques were carried out using an interactive model that includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, and its validity was tested through triangulation of sources and methods. The results of the study indicate that lecturers have a very important role as facilitators, motivators, and innovators in creating digital-based adaptive learning. Lecturers who are able to optimally utilize digital technology tend to be more successful in increasing student participation, motivation, and learning outcomes. However, this study also found various obstacles, such as limited digital competence, infrastructure, and lecturer readiness in managing adaptive learning. Therefore, institutional support is needed through training and the provision of adequate facilities. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more effective digital-based adaptive learning strategies in higher education.
Implementation of Problem Based Learning in Writing Persuasive Texts in Indonesian Language Course
Writing skills are one of the most important language skills in the academic world. This study aims to (1) examine the stages of implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model (2) describe the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model in learning to write persuasive texts in the General Indonesian language course. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with a case study design. The research subject is a first-semester student of the University of Bengkulu. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, documentation, and writing tests (pretest and posttest). Data analysis is carried out using an interactive analysis model that includes three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the implementation of PBL runs through five main stages, namely: problem identification, task organization, independent investigation, preparation of solutions in the form of persuasive texts, and evaluation/reflection. Problem Based Learning is effectively applied in learning to write persuasive texts and can be used as an alternative approach to learning Indonesian in higher education.
Development of A Learning Video on The Discovery of Integer Numbers to Improve Mathematical Problem-Solving Abilities and Creative Thinking Abilities of Grade VI Students
This study aims to develop a discovery-based mathematics learning video on integer material that can improve mathematical problem-solving skills and creative thinking skills of grade VI elementary school students. This study uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with the ADDIE development model consisting of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subjects in this study were grade VI students at an elementary school in Punggul Gedangan. The instruments used included validation sheets from material experts, design experts, media experts, and mathematics teachers, student response questionnaires, and problem-solving and creative thinking ability tests. The validation results showed that the developed learning video was included in the very valid category. Limited trials showed that the video was effective in improving students' problem-solving and creative thinking abilities. Thus, the developed learning videos are suitable for use as alternative learning media in mathematics learning, especially integer material, and can support students' high-level thinking skills.
An Analysis of Leadership Styles in Shaping Religious Character in Islamic Boarding Schools Amal Jama'i Bojong Cikembar Sukabumi
This study aims to analyze leadership styles in shaping the religious character of students at the Amal Jama'i Cikembar Sukabumi Islamic Boarding School. The background of this study is based on the phenomenon of moral crisis among students and the importance of strengthening character education based on religious values. The study used a qualitative method with a narrative-descriptive approach. Data were obtained through observation, interviews with leaders, asatidzah, and dormitory supervisors, as well as documentation studies, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. The results show that the leadership style in the Islamic boarding school is integrative, combining transformational, situational, and prophetic approaches by emphasizing a balance between assertiveness and a humanist approach. The implementation of leadership is carried out through exemplary behavior, habituation, educational discipline, and continuous supervision in a 24-hour guidance system. This leadership style has proven effective in shaping the religious character of students holistically, as indicated by increased discipline in worship, strengthening morals, growing spiritual awareness, and harmonious social relationships. The main supporting factors include the religious environment of the Islamic boarding school, a structured guidance system, and synergy between institutional elements. Inhibiting factors include the heterogeneity of student backgrounds, unequal discipline, external influences, and limited facilities and human resources. Therefore, values-based integrative leadership significantly contributes to shaping the religious character of students and has the potential to become a model for developing Islamic educational leadership in facing the challenges of the times.
Challenges and Solutions for Islamic Education Lecturers in Learning in the Digital Era
In today's digital era, students have extensive access to various learning resources via the internet, so the role of educators is no longer the sole source of knowledge, but rather as facilitators, guides, and directors in the learning process. This study aims to analyze the challenges and solutions faced by Islamic Religious Education (PAI) lecturers in learning in the digital era. The development of information technology has changed the learning paradigm, requiring lecturers to adapt to the use of technology without neglecting Islamic values. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with PAI lecturers selected through purposive sampling. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis used an interactive model that included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, as well as data validity testing through triangulation and member checking. The results showed that the main challenges faced by PAI lecturers include limited digital competency, changes in student characteristics that tend to prefer interactive learning, and the challenge of maintaining values and ethics amidst the flow of digital information. Possible solutions include improving digital competency through training, implementing innovative learning models such as blended learning and flipped classrooms, and utilizing creative and contextual digital media. Furthermore, institutional support in providing infrastructure and supporting policies is also an important factor in successful learning.
Enhancing Teacher Retention and Compensation through Effective Principal Leadership and Professional Competence in Islamic Private Elementary Schools
Education is a key pillar of national development, and teachers play a central role in ensuring the success and quality of learning. This study aims to analyze the influence of principal leadership and teacher professional competence on teacher retention, with compensation as a mediating variable. This study employed a quantitative approach, using a survey to collect data from teachers in a private Islamic school. Path analysis was used to examine the direct and indirect relationships between the variables. The findings indicate that principal leadership and teacher professional competence positively influence teacher retention, both directly and through compensation as a mediating factor. These results reinforce the importance of school leaders' role in managing compensation and professional development as a sustainable retention strategy. This study highlights how compensation can act as a bridge between leadership and retention, and how professional competence reinforces this dynamic. In conclusion, retaining great teachers requires more than just a salary. It demands visionary leadership, meaningful professional development, and a workplace culture that values ​​the contributions of every educator. By focusing on these areas, schools can build strong and loyal teams that drive long-term success and educational excellence.
Intertextuality in the Regent Theatre Script by Dede A. Majid
In the context of literary studies, this openness of meaning shows that dramatic texts do not stand autonomously, but are always in a network of relations with other texts. This study aims to analyze the forms, patterns, and functions of intertextuality in the theatrical script Regent by Dede A. Majid. It employs a qualitative descriptive method with a text analysis approach based on Julia Kristeva’s theory of intertextuality, supported by the ideas of Roland Barthes and Gérard Genette. The findings reveal that intertextuality appears in the forms of allusion, quotation, transformation, and adaptation, with dominant patterns of transformation and opposition toward colonial discourse. Its functions include aesthetic, semantic, social critique, and ideological roles that construct meaning dialogically. The study confirms that Regent reconstructs and critiques colonial historical narratives. This research contributes to the development of intertextuality studies and strengthens the study of Banten regional literature.
An Inclusive Pedagogical Approach in Teaching Dance for People with Disabilities at the Guriang Tujuh Studio
Education is a process to develop human resources which is carried out systematically and in stages. This study aims to analyze the implementation of inclusive pedagogy in dance instruction for persons with disabilities at Sanggar Guriang Tujuh, Lebak, Banten. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, with data collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that inclusive pedagogy is implemented through adaptive teaching strategies utilizing demonstration, imitation, and drill methods, combined with differentiated instruction and multisensory approaches. The learning process is no longer oriented toward rigid movement standards but instead accommodates the diverse physical and sensory abilities of learners. The results also indicate that this approach fosters a participatory and non-discriminatory learning environment while enhancing motor skills, self-confidence, and artistic expression among participants with disabilities. Furthermore, Sanggar Guriang Tujuh functions as an alternative space that not only serves as an art learning center but also as an inclusive social laboratory that promotes social integration and individual empowerment. This study contributes theoretically to the development of inclusive pedagogy in arts education and practically to community-based inclusive dance learning models grounded in local cultural values.
The Influence of Social Skills and Innovation Ability on Students' Entrepreneurial Attitudes in the Higher Grades of Public Elementary Schools
Social skills produce positive and beneficial interactions for each individual. This study aims to: determine and analyze the simultaneous influence of social skills and innovation abilities on the entrepreneurial attitudes of senior students at Lumu-Lumu Public Elementary School, Ujung Tanah District, Sangkarrang Islands, Makassar City. This research approach uses quantitative research. This research was conducted at Lumu-Lumu Public Elementary School, Ujung Tanah District, Sangkarrang Islands, Makassar City. The population of this study was 52 senior students (grades 4, 5, and 6) at Lumu-Lumu Public Elementary School, Ujung Tanah District, Sangkarrang Islands, Makassar City. This study used saturated sampling, or population sampling, by taking the entire population as a sample, resulting in a sample of 52 students. The data collection technique used a questionnaire, and the data analysis technique used multiple regression techniques and t-test analysis. Testing was carried out using SPSS 26. The results of this study indicate that; 1). Social skills have a positive and significant influence on the entrepreneurial attitudes of senior students at Lumu-Lumu Public Elementary School, Ujung Tanah District, Sangkarrang Islands, Makassar City. 2). Innovation ability (X2) has a positive and significant influence on the entrepreneurial attitudes of upper-grade students of Lumu-Lumu State Elementary School, Ujung Tanah District, Sangkarrang Islands, Makassar City. 3). Social skills and innovation ability jointly influence the entrepreneurial attitudes of upper-grade students of Lumu-Lumu State Elementary School, Ujung Tanah District, Sangkarrang Islands, Makassar City.
The Effect of Using Learning Management Systems and On-the-Job Training on Improving Teachers' Professional Competence in In-Depth Learning in Bulukumba Regency
This study aims to determine the effect of the use of Learning Management System (LMS) and On The Job Training (OJT) on the professional competence of teachers in Bulukumba Regency, both partially and simultaneously. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Research data were obtained through distributing questionnaires to 18 respondents who are teachers in Bulukumba Regency. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis which includes partial tests (t-test), simultaneous tests (F-test), and coefficient of determination with the help of a statistical data processing program. The results of the study indicate that partially the use of LMS has a significant effect on the professional competence of teachers, while the On The Job Training (OJT) variable also has a significant effect on the professional competence of teachers. Simultaneously, the use of LMS and the implementation of OJT have a significant effect on the professional competence of teachers. The Adjusted R Square value of 0.365 indicates that 36.5% of the variation in the professional competence of teachers can be explained by these two variables, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the research model. Thus, the use of Learning Management System (LMS) and the implementation of On The Job Training (OJT) have a positive and significant effect on improving the professional competence of teachers in Bulukumba Regency.
Reconstruction of Arabic Language Learning Planning Based on a Systems and Humanistic Approach
Learning planning is a strategic foundation in the educational process because it allows teachers to organize objectives, materials, methods, media, and evaluation in a targeted manner. In Arabic language learning, planning becomes increasingly important because learning requires not only mastery of linguistic elements but also the development of integrated language skills. However, Arabic language learning planning has tended to be understood within a systems framework that emphasizes regularity, measurability, and integration of components, while the dimension of the learner as the subject of learning has not received sufficient attention. This article aims to reconstruct Arabic language learning planning through a synthesis of the systems approach and the humanistic approach. This study uses library research methods with a conceptual approach and descriptive-critical analysis. The results of the study indicate that the systems approach remains important as a structural foundation for Arabic language learning planning, but has limitations when used alone because it tends to be technical and administrative, and less sensitive to the individual needs of learners. Meanwhile, the humanistic approach contributes to placing learners at the center of learning, paying attention to affective and psychological aspects, and encouraging more adaptive, participatory, and meaningful learning. Based on this, this article offers a conceptual model for humanistic-system-based Arabic language learning planning, which includes analysis of student needs, formulation of integrative objectives, systematic and contextual organization of materials, selection of adaptive methods and media, implementation of participatory learning, and comprehensive and reflective evaluation. In conclusion, the reconstruction of humanistic-system-based Arabic language learning planning produces a more complete planning paradigm, namely remaining systematic but simultaneously oriented towards holistic student development.
Evaluation of Participatory Leadership, Organizational Commitment, Organizational Culture on Teacher Retention Interest
Teacher retention is a strategic issue in educational human resource management because it affects the stability of school organizations and the sustainability of learning quality. Low teacher retention rates are often influenced by internal organizational factors, such as leadership style, level of organizational commitment, and the work culture that develops in the school environment. This study aims to determine how a leadership approach centred on participation, dedication to the institution, and values established by the institution influences a teacher's desire to continue working there. This study adopted a qualitative methodology through a descriptive framework, gathering information through comprehensive conversations with teachers who were specifically selected for their insights, reinforced by several observations and document review. Data analysis was conducted using a methodology that focused on condensing information, presenting relevant findings, and formulating conclusions using inductive reasoning. The results of the study indicate that participatory leadership can increase teacher retention interest through active involvement in decision-making and open communication. Organizational commitment acts as an internal reinforcement that encourages teachers to remain in their positions due to their emotional attachment and sense of responsibility towards the institution. In addition, a positive and supportive organizational culture creates a comfortable and meaningful work environment that strengthens teachers' desire to continue serving. This study enriches the theoretical framework of educational management studies and suggests practical steps that school administrators can take to create leadership and organizational management approaches that focus on maintaining a stable teaching staff over time
Development of A Problem-Based Learning Teaching Module In Differentiated Instruction to Improve Science Literacy of 4th Grade Students
Science learning in elementary schools often faces challenges related to low science literacy and limited accommodation of students’ diverse learning needs. These issues highlight the need for instructional designs that promote active learning while addressing individual differences. This study aims to develop and examine the effectiveness of a differentiated learning module based on the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) approach for teaching plant structure and function in elementary science education. The research employed a research and development method using the ADDIE model, consisting of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The subjects included fourth-grade students and teachers from several elementary schools, with data collected through tests, questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, normality and homogeneity tests, paired samples t-tests, and N-gain analysis. The findings indicate that the developed module is valid, practical, and effective in supporting science learning. The implementation of differentiated PBL contributes to improved student engagement, conceptual understanding, problem-solving ability, and creative thinking in science learning contexts. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of differentiated instruction and PBL within a systematically designed elementary science module using the ADDIE framework. The study provides practical implications for teachers in designing inclusive science instruction and offers academic contributions to the development of innovative pedagogical models in elementary education.
Implementation of Digital-Based Learning in Islamic Religious Education Subjects
The increasingly rapid development of information and communication technology has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including education. This study aims to analyze the implementation of digital-based learning in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and identify the impacts and obstacles encountered in its implementation. This study uses a qualitative, descriptive approach. The research subjects included PAI teachers, students, and relevant stakeholders within the school environment. Data collection techniques were conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted interactively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, and its validity was tested through triangulation of sources and methods. The results show that the implementation of digital-based learning in PAI has a positive impact on increasing student motivation, interest, and learning outcomes. The use of digital media such as learning videos, e-learning platforms, and interactive applications can create a more engaging, flexible, and effective learning environment. In addition, digital-based learning also encourages independent learning and increases active student participation in the learning process. However, several obstacles remain in its implementation, including limited technological facilities, unequal internet access, and teachers' digital competencies that still need to be improved.
The Urgency of Character Education for Islamic Religious Education Teachers
Character education has become a central concern in global educational discourse due to increasing moral degradation, social fragmentation, and ethical crises among younger generations. This study aims to analyze the urgency of character education for Islamic Religious Education teachers in shaping students’ moral and ethical development in the modern era. The research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to systematically identify, evaluate, and synthesize relevant scholarly literature from various academic databases such as Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar. The selected studies were analyzed using inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on publications related to character education, Islamic education, and teacher roles. The findings indicate that character education in Islamic Religious Education is fundamentally grounded in the integration of faith, knowledge, and moral values, where teachers play a central role as moral models in students’ character formation. However, its implementation faces significant challenges, including digital disruption, limited instructional time, curriculum constraints, and inadequate teacher preparedness. Despite these challenges, effective strategies such as value integration across curricula, contextual learning approaches, and collaboration between schools, families, and communities can enhance the effectiveness of character education. The study concludes that strengthening Islamic Religious Education teachers’ competence and commitment is essential to ensuring sustainable character development in students within contemporary educational contexts
The Use of Role-Playing Learning Model to Improve Critical Thinking Skills in IPAS Learning at Fourth Grade Elementary School
The rapid transformation of the twenty-first century has brought significant changes to the demands placed on education systems worldwide. This study aims to improve fourth-grade students’ critical thinking skills through the implementation of the role-playing learning model in IPAS learning at SDN Margorejo 1/403 Surabaya. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design consisting of two stages: pre-cycle and Cycle I, following the procedures of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The subjects of the study were 25 fourth-grade students. Data were collected through observation, tests, and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings revealed a significant improvement in students’ learning outcomes and critical thinking skills. In the pre-cycle, the average formative score was 81.32, while the summative score was 74.40, with only 60% of students achieving the minimum mastery criterion. After the implementation of the role-playing model, the average formative score increased to 91.88 and the summative score to 89.92, with 100% of students achieving mastery. The results indicate that role-playing fosters active participation, collaboration, and contextual understanding, which contribute to the development of critical thinking skills. Therefore, the role-playing learning model is effective in enhancing students’ critical thinking in elementary IPAS learning.
Power And Resistance of Characters in the Novel Laut Bercerita by Leila S. Chudori: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Michel Foucault
Literature is always closely related to everyday life, because humans can act as both subjects and objects in a literary work. This study aims to understand the discourse of power and resistance of characters in the novel Laut Bercerita by Leila S. Chudori using Michel Foucault’s Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK), focusing on Power/Knowledge, Discourse, Disciplinary Power, and Governmentality. The method applied is observation and recording, with techniques including reading, listening, and note-taking. Data analysis involves four stages: data preparation and organization, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that (1) the discourse of power appears through supervision, bodily discipline, and efforts to control certain characters, and (2) the discourse of resistance is expressed not only physically but more frequently through knowledge and discussion, such as conveying truth, building shared understanding, and constructing counter-narratives against power. It can be concluded that Laut Bercerita predominantly presents the discourse of resistance as a response to power practices experienced by characters during the New Order era in Indonesia.
Efforts to Improve Descriptive Writing Skills Using Realia Media in Grade V
This study was motivated by the low descriptive writing skills of fifth-grade elementary school students, characterized by limited student participation, low motivation, and difficulties in expressing ideas in written form. The purpose of this study was to improve students’ descriptive essay writing skills through the use of realia media in Grade V of SDN JUNTI 2. This research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design conducted in three cycles consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The participants of the study were 29 fifth-grade students. Data were collected through observation, writing tests, and documentation, then analyzed descriptively to determine improvements in learning outcomes and classroom activities. The results revealed a significant improvement in students’ descriptive writing abilities in each cycle. The average student score increased from 5.89 in Cycle I to 6.41 in Cycle II and reached 8.00 in Cycle III. Student participation, motivation, and creativity in the learning process also improved through direct interaction with real objects. The findings indicate that the implementation of realia media effectively enhances students’ descriptive writing skills and creates more active and meaningful learning experiences. This study contributes to the development of innovative language learning strategies, particularly in improving elementary students’ writing competence through contextual and concrete instructional media.
The Acquisition of Noun Vocabulary in Children Due to the Influence of Game Player Videos on YouTube
The rapid development of information and communication technology has significantly influenced children’s language acquisition, particularly through digital platforms such as YouTube. This study aims to analyze the acquisition of noun vocabulary in elementary school children resulting from exposure to gamer videos on YouTube from a psycholinguistic perspective. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method involving five children who frequently watched gaming content on YouTube. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, recording techniques, and note-taking methods, while analysis was conducted using matching and distributional methods based on Chomsky’s cognitive theory and psycholinguistic approaches. The findings revealed that children experienced notable improvement in noun vocabulary acquisition, especially concrete and abstract nouns related to games, characters, objects, and virtual environments. The children actively applied the newly acquired vocabulary in daily conversations and social interactions, demonstrating meaningful contextual understanding. Gamer videos provided rich visual and verbal stimuli that facilitated children’s comprehension and retention of vocabulary. Furthermore, parental responses indicated that digital media could positively support language development when accompanied by appropriate supervision. This study concludes that YouTube gamer videos contribute significantly to children’s noun vocabulary acquisition and function as an alternative medium for language learning in the digital era.
The Effectiveness of 3d Hologram Media on Elementary School Students' Learning Outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) Subjects
The rapid development and advancement of educational science in the modern era have significantly influenced the growth of the educational sector worldwide. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of 3D Hologram Media on Elementary School Students' Learning Outcomes in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) subjects. This type of research is quantitative with an experimental method. The form of the experimental approach with a research design is One-Group Pretest-Posttest. The research sample is 14 people. Data collection techniques and tools use multiple-choice tests, analysis techniques using the "t" test. The results of the calculation of normally distributed data for posttest data show that L count 0.187 < L table 0.227 and for pretest data it is found that L count 0.114 < L table 0.227. The results of homogeneous calculations obtained a value of 1.409 < 7.879. The results of the calculation and analysis of data from the results of hypothesis testing at a significance level of 5% with df = 13 obtained the price of "t" table which is 1.770. The results of hypothesis testing show that t count > t table which is proven at a level of 5%, namely 13.142 > 1.770. The data shows that (Ha) the alternative hypothesis is accepted, and (H0) the null hypothesis is rejected. Thus, the use of 3D hologram media is effective for student learning.
Utilization of ChatGPT in Supporting the Process of Compiling Student Academic Assignments
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has brought significant changes to the world of education, particularly in the process of preparing students' academic assignments. One widely utilized innovation is ChatGPT, which can help students generate ideas, develop writing outlines, and improve the quality of academic language and structure. This study aims to analyze the use of ChatGPT in supporting students' academic assignment preparation process and identify the benefits and challenges faced in its use. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation of students who used ChatGPT in academic activities. Data analysis was conducted using thematic analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was maintained through triangulation of sources and methods to ensure the accuracy and credibility of the research results. The results show that the use of ChatGPT has a positive impact on improving the efficiency and quality of academic assignment preparation, especially in terms of idea development, writing structure, and language improvement. However, the use of this technology also poses challenges, such as potential dependency, decreased critical thinking skills, and the risk of violating academic ethics. Therefore, it requires wise and responsible use and support from educational institutions in the form of policies and guidelines for the use of AI.
The Impact of Hybrid Learning Models on Student Competence and Achievement in Higher Education
The development of information and communication technology (ICT) has brought significant changes to various sectors of life, including higher education. This study aims to analyze the impact of the hybrid learning model on student competency and achievement in higher education. The hybrid learning model is a combination of face-to-face and online learning designed to increase the flexibility and effectiveness of the learning process. The research method used is a quantitative approach with an explanatory design. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of students who have participated in hybrid learning for at least one semester. Data collection was carried out using a Likert scale questionnaire to measure student competency (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor), and documentation of academic grades to measure learning achievement. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically multiple linear regression tests, after first undergoing validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The results showed that the hybrid learning model had a positive and significant effect on student competency and achievement. Hybrid learning was able to improve conceptual understanding, learning independence, and skills in using digital technology. In addition, there was an increase in students' academic grades after implementing this learning model. However, this study also found several obstacles, such as limited technological infrastructure and differences in digital literacy levels.
The Influence of the Use of Learning Management Systems and On-the-Job Training on Improving Teachers' Professional Competence in In-Depth Learning
The learning approach in the world of education has an important role in efforts to realize students who have skills that can meet the challenges of 21st century education. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of Learning Management System (LMS) and On the Job Training (OJT) on the professional competence of teachers in Bulukumba Regency, both partially and simultaneously. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. The research data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to 18 respondents who were teachers in Bulukumba Regency. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis which includes partial tests (t-test), simultaneous tests (F tests), and determination coefficients with the help of statistical data processing programs. The results showed that partially the use of LMS had a significant effect on teachers' professional competence, while the OJT variable also had a significant effect on teachers' professional competence. Simultaneously, the use of LMS and the implementation of OJT have a significant effect on teachers' professional competence. The Adjusted R Square value of 0.365 indicates that 36.5% of the variation in teachers' professional competence can be explained by these two variables, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the research model. Thus, the use of the LMS and the implementation of OJT have a positive and significant influence on improving the professional competence of teachers in Bulukumba Regency.
The Existence of Rossy's Entertainment Studio in Modeling Talent Development Education
The studio functions as a non-formal educational institution that facilitates participants in developing technical modeling skills including catwalk technique, posing, facial expression, as well as soft skills encompassing self-confidence, creativity, discipline, and character. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Research subjects include the studio owner, two professional trainers, twelve active participants, and eight parents. Data analysis followed the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana interactive model comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with credibility ensured through source and method triangulation. Findings reveal that Rossy's Entertainment Studio, established in 2015, has grown from 15 to over 80 active participants and has accumulated numerous achievements at regional and national levels. The studio offers comprehensive training programs covering catwalk fundamentals, posing techniques, fashion knowledge, public speaking, and character education. Its existence significantly contributes to participants' talent development through a professional coaching team, a collaborative and supportive learning environment, and regular participation in fashion shows and competitions. Parental support and professional trainers are identified as primary supporting factors, while self-consciousness in new participants, academic time constraints, program costs, and limited physical facilities constitute the main inhibiting factors. The study concludes that Rossy's Entertainment Studio plays a pivotal role in nurturing modeling talent and building participants' positive character, positioning itself as a meaningful non-formal education provider in Serang City.
The Role f Husnuzan and Psychological Resilience in The Quarter-Life Crisis Among Gen Z Women
The phenomenon of quarter-life crisis is increasingly experienced by Generation Z women alongside rising developmental demands, social pressures, and uncertainties in navigating early adulthood. This study aims to analyze the role of husnuzan and psychological resilience in predicting quarter-life crisis among Generation Z women. This study employed a quantitative correlational design using multiple linear regression analysis. The sampling technique used was convenience sampling, with a total of 400 Generation Z women as respondents. The results of the regression analysis indicate that, simultaneously, husnuzan and psychological resilience form a significant predictive model of quarter-life crisis (F = 8.967; p < 0.001). Partially, psychological resilience demonstrates a significant negative predictive role (β = -0.216; p < 0.001), indicating that higher levels of psychological resilience are associated with lower levels of quarter-life crisis. Meanwhile, husnuzan does not show a statistically significant role (β = 0.019; p = 0.736); therefore, within this research model, husnuzan does not function as a direct predictor of quarter-life crisis. The R Square value of 0.043 indicates that husnuzan and psychological resilience collectively explain 4.3% of the variance in quarter-life crisis, while the remaining 95.7% is influenced by other factors beyond the scope of this research model. Nevertheless, based on theoretical frameworks and previous research findings, husnuzan is understood as a cognitive-spiritual attitude associated with meaning-making, acceptance, and adaptive emotional regulation, suggesting the possibility of an indirect role. Thus, this study highlights the importance of psychological resilience in addressing quarter-life crisis and indicates that the role of husnuzan in this context requires a more comprehensive analytical approach to be fully understood
The Effect of the Heutagogy Methode on Improving Student Competence in the Heavy Equipment Technology Course among Automotive Engineering Education Students
Vocational higher education in Indonesia faces serious challenges in producing graduates who are both adaptive and competent in meeting the demands of Industry 4.0. This study aims to examine the relationship between the implementation of the heutagogy method and student competence in the Heavy Equipment Technology course within the Automotive Engineering Education Study Program. A quantitative correlational design was employed, involving 70 students as respondents. Data were collected through a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using a series of statistical procedures, including validity testing, reliability testing, normality testing, and Spearman Rank correlation, with the aid of IBM SPSS Statistics. The validity test results demonstrated that all instrument items for both Variable X and Variable Y were declared valid, with r values ranging from 0.238 to 0.633 for Variable X and from 0.308 to 0.842 for Variable Y. Reliability analysis yielded a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of 0.721 for Variable X and 0.846 for Variable Y, both of which satisfy the minimum reliability threshold required for research instruments. Given that neither variable followed a normal distribution as determined by the Shapiro-Wilk test, a nonparametric Spearman Rank correlation was applied. The analysis produced a correlation coefficient of r_s = 0.666, significant at the 0.01 level, indicating a strong and positive relationship between the two variables. These findings confirm that greater intensity in the implementation of the heutagogy method throughout the learning process is associated with higher levels of student competence in the Heavy Equipment Technology course.
Innovative Digital Media for Elementary Education: Improving Critical Thinking and Learning Motivation
The rapid advancement of digital technology in the 21st century has significantly transformed educational systems worldwide, including elementary education in Indonesia. This study aims to improve students’ critical thinking skills and learning motivation through the implementation of innovative digital media in elementary education at SDN Kertajaya Surabaya. The research employed Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the Kemmis and McTaggart model consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages conducted in two cycles. The participants involved 30 elementary students. Data were collected through classroom observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and critical thinking tests. The findings revealed that the implementation of innovative digital media such as educational videos, Canva-based materials, Quizizz, and interactive multimedia presentations significantly improved students’ classroom participation, critical thinking skills, and learning motivation. Students became more active in discussions, more confident in expressing opinions, and more capable of analyzing and solving contextual problems. Learning motivation also increased as students demonstrated greater enthusiasm, attention, and engagement during classroom activities. The study concludes that innovative digital media create interactive and student-centered learning environments that effectively support critical thinking development and learning motivation in elementary education during the digital era.
The Effect of Using E-Book Learning Media on Folk Tales on the Reading Comprehension Ability of Fourth Grade Students
Education at the elementary school level plays a significant role in developing students’ literacy skills, particularly reading comprehension. This study aimed to determine the effect of folklore E-book learning media on the reading comprehension ability of fourth-grade students at UPTD SD Negeri 84 Barru. The study employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group design. The participants consisted of 40 fourth-grade students divided into two groups: an experimental class and a control class, each consisting of 20 students. The experimental class received instruction using folklore E-book learning media, while the control class was taught using conventional learning methods. Data were collected through reading comprehension tests and classroom observations. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including normality tests, homogeneity tests, and an Independent Sample t-test. The results showed that the students’ reading comprehension ability improved significantly after the implementation of folklore E-book learning media. The mean score of the experimental class increased from 61.00 in the pretest to 82.25 in the posttest, while the control class improved from 56.50 to 76.50. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference between the experimental and control groups, demonstrating that folklore E-book learning media had a positive effect on students’ reading comprehension ability. The findings suggest that folklore E-book media can create interactive, engaging, and meaningful learning experiences that support literacy development and increase students’ motivation in reading activities.
Implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in Supporting Community Access to Education in Botuboluo Village, Biluhu District, Gorontalo Regency
This study examines the implementation of the Family Hope Program (PKH) in supporting community access to education in Botuboluo Village, Biluhu District, Gorontalo Regency. Poverty remains a major social issue in Indonesia, limiting people’s access to basic needs, particularly education and health services. Therefore, PKH was implemented as a conditional cash transfer program to improve the welfare of poor households and increase access to education. The purpose of this study was to analyze the planning, implementation, and evaluation of PKH management in supporting educational access for beneficiary families. This research employed a qualitative approach using primary and secondary data obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. Informants included village government officials, PKH facilitators, and beneficiary families. Data were analyzed using qualitative data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing techniques. The findings revealed that PKH implementation in Botuboluo Village has contributed positively to improving school attendance, educational access, and community welfare. However, several challenges remain, including inaccuracies in beneficiary targeting, limited coordination, administrative constraints, and the potential dependency of beneficiaries on social assistance. The study concludes that the effectiveness of PKH is influenced by the integration of formal data systems, local social validation, implementation capacity, and continuous monitoring mechanisms.
Implementation of Deep Learning as A Strategy to Improve the Quality of Learning in the Outermost Regions
This study examines the implementation of deep learning as a strategy to improve the quality of learning at SMA Negeri 1 Lobalain and SMA Negeri 2 Lobalain, Rote Ndao Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Using a qualitative approach with a multi-site case study design, this research focuses on the principal's strategic management in the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of deep learning. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document study, The findings indicate that the success of deep learning implementation is largely determined by the principal's strategic management encompassing vision-mission setting, teacher capacity building, academic supervision, infrastructure provision, and continuous evaluation. Key supporting factors include leadership commitment, teacher competence, and collaborative culture, while limited teacher understanding and inadequate infrastructure remain as barriers. This study offers strategic recommendations for schools in disadvantaged, frontier, and outermost regions (3T areas) in implementing deep learning in accordance with Permendikdasmen Number 13 of 2025.
Analysis of the Implementation of Digital Warehouse Systems in Supporting Operational Efficiency and Inventory Accuracy
Advances in information technology and digital transformation have driven companies to make changes across various aspects of their business operations, including warehouse and inventory management systems. This research aims to analyze the implementation of a digital warehouse system in supporting operational efficiency and inventory accuracy at XYZ Distribution Company, as well as to identify obstacles and its optimization strategies. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. Primary data were obtained through observation and semi-structured interviews with the operational manager and warehouse staff, while secondary data came from internal company documents. The results show that the transition from manual recording to a digital system integrates the workflow centrally. Digitalization successfully reduced item search time from 15–20 minutes to be much more efficient, resolved bottlenecks in the picking area, and accelerated the stock opname process. Furthermore, inventory accuracy increased significantly, marked by a drastic decrease in inventory discrepancy from 2,789 units in 2022 to 250 units in 2025. The main obstacle faced is that barcode scanning technology has not been adopted, so data input is still performed manually and leaves potential for human error. The company's mitigation strategy is carried out through tightening SOPs in the form of a double-checker system and product specification coding standardization.
Implementation of School Culture in Forming Student Character at State Elementary Schools
Learning planning is a strategic foundation in the educational process because it allows teachers to organize objectives, materials, methods, media, and evaluation in a targeted manner. This article aims to reconstruct Arabic language learning planning through a synthesis of the systems approach and the humanistic approach. This study uses library research methods with a conceptual approach and descriptive-critical analysis. The results of the study indicate that the systems approach remains important as a structural foundation for Arabic language learning planning, but has limitations when used alone because it tends to be technical and administrative, and less sensitive to the individual needs of learners. Meanwhile, the humanistic approach contributes to placing learners at the center of learning, paying attention to affective and psychological aspects, and encouraging more adaptive, participatory, and meaningful learning. Based on this, this article offers a conceptual model for humanistic-system-based Arabic language learning planning, which includes analysis of student needs, formulation of integrative objectives, systematic and contextual organization of materials, selection of adaptive methods and media, implementation of participatory learning, and comprehensive and reflective evaluation. In conclusion, the reconstruction of humanistic-system-based Arabic language learning planning produces a more complete planning paradigm, namely remaining systematic but simultaneously oriented towards holistic student development.
Implementation of Student Management in Improving the Potential of Public Elementary School Students
Student Management is a process of mentoring students, in developing their abilities so that they can develop optimally. The focus is on managing activities in a planned, directed, and sustainable manner. A common problem in schools is the suboptimal management of student management in supporting the growth of students' academic and non-academic potential. This study aims to (1) evaluate how student management is implemented to improve student abilities, (2) and identify factors that help and hinder its implementation at SDN Rawa Buntu 01. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and document examination from the principal, teachers, educational staff, and students. Data analysis is carried out in three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of the study indicate that student management, which includes planning, organizing, implementing, and supervising, is able to strengthen students' potential in terms of academics, interests and talents, and social attitudes. Supporting factors are the existence of a structured coaching program, self-development services, and active participation from teachers and parents. Meanwhile, obstacles encountered include limited facilities and differences in student characteristics. This research provides theoretical benefits in strengthening understanding of educational management and practical benefits as a basis for schools to improve student management to maximize student potential.
The Influence of the Social Inquiry Learning Model on the Creative Dance Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Students
Civil This research is motivated by the low learning outcomes of class VIII students in creative dance material at SMP Negeri 18 Kota Serang. The average student score (74.5) was still below the Minimum Completeness Criteria (KKM = 75). This problem was supported by the use of conventional teacher-centered learning models, making students tend to be passive and less enthusiastic in following dance learning. The purposes of this study were: (1) to describe the learning process using the Social Inquiry model on creative dance material for class VIII students at SMPN 18 Kota Serang; and (2) to determine the effect of the Social Inquiry learning model on learning outcomes of creative dance material for class VIII students at SMPN 18 Kota Serang. This study uses a Quasi Experimental Design method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The research sample was class VIII A as the experimental class (30 students) and class VIII C as the control class (30 students). The research instrument used multiple choice test questions. Data analysis used Chi Square normality test, F test homogeneity test, and t test hypothesis test. The results showed that the average posttest score of the experimental class (86.73) was higher than the control class (67.42). The t-test results obtained t count (2.84) > t table (1.67) at a significance level of 5%, so H1 was accepted. The conclusion of this study is that there is a significant effect of using the Social Inquiry learning model on the learning outcomes of creative dance material for class VIII students at SMP Negeri 18 Kota Serang.
Implementation of Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Video Media in Science Learning for Grade IV Elementary School Students
Every human being has the same right to education and hopes to always thrive in education. This study aims to determine the achievement of social studies learning outcomes of grade IV students of SD Negeri 46 Lubuklinggau after the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model assisted by Vidio media. This study uses a Quantitative Approach with an experimental research method in the form of One Group Pre-test Pos-test design. The subjects in this study are grade IV students of SD Negeri 46 Lubuklinggau for the 2025/2026 school year. The results showed that the average score of the Pre-test was 28 with a standard deviation of 6.14 while the average score of the Post-test was 80.54 with a standard deviation of 5.18. The normalistic test showed that the pre-test data and the post-test data were mormalally distributed because the value χ_(count )^2 was less than χ_(table )^2 which was 1.3173 < 11.07. Furthermore, the analysis using the t-test at a significant level of α= 0.05 showed that t_(calculate=)7.11> t_tabel = 1.64 so that H_oditolak and H_a were accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning learning model assisted by Video Media can significantly improve the learning outcomes of IPAS students in grade IV of SD Negeri 46 Lubuklinggau and achieve learning completeness with a score category of ≥ 73.
Implementation of Digital-Based Authentic Assessment in Assessing Student Competencies
The rapid development of information and communication technology has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including education. This study aims to analyze the implementation of digital-based authentic assessment in assessing student competencies and identify factors that influence its success. The approach used was qualitative with a descriptive design. The research subjects included teachers and students who had implemented digital-based assessment in the learning process. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis used an interactive model that included data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity was tested through triangulation of sources and methods. The results showed that digital-based authentic assessment was able to provide a more comprehensive picture of student competencies, covering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. The implementation of this assessment encouraged increased student engagement, creativity, and critical and collaborative thinking skills. In addition, the use of digital technology facilitated the management of assessment data, the provision of feedback, and increased the transparency of the evaluation process. However, several obstacles to its implementation existed, such as limited infrastructure, low digital literacy among some teachers and students, and the potential for academic dishonesty.
The Principal's Role in Increasing Teacher Work Motivation at MIS Mathla'ul Anwar Cisauk
The quality of education is greatly influenced by the learning process within educational institutions, such as schools. This study seeks to examine the principal's influence on augmenting teachers' work motivation at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta (MIS) Mathla’ul Anwar Cisauk. The motivation of teachers is a vital determinant of the quality of the learning process and the attainment of educational objectives. This descriptive qualitative research employs a case study methodology, gathering data through observation, comprehensive interviews with the principal and several teachers, and documentation analysis. The findings reveal that the principal at MIS Mathla’ul Anwar Cisauk assumes a substantial and diversified responsibility. This role includes: as a motivator through providing rewards, recognition, and a supportive work environment; as a supervisor by offering guidance and constructive feedback; and as a manager by ensuring the availability of facilities and clear task distribution. Effective strategies encompass open communication, professional development opportunities, and fostering a sense of ownership towards the school. The implication of this study highlights the importance of the principal's transformational leadership role in creating a positive work culture that directly contributes to the enhancement of teachers' motivation and performance.
Development of Augmented Reality (AR)-Based Flash Card Media in Science Learning for Fifth Grade Elementary School Students
Education is a very valuable basic need for humans through education humans can prepare their lives in the future better. This study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective Augmented Reality-based Flash Card media for fifth-grade science learning at SDN 3 Lubuklinggau. This study is a Research and Development study using the ADDIE development model. The subjects of the study were fifth-grade students at SDN 3 Lubuklinggau. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests, and documentation. The results of the study showed that based on the validity analysis of Augmented Reality-based Flash Card media for cultural heritage in Indonesia using Aiken's V, the language validator scored 0.88, the media validator scored 0.94, and the material validator scored 0.92, meeting the validity criteria. Practicality assessments by teachers and students found that Augmented Reality-based Flash Card media met the criteria of being very practical with an average score of 81.75%. Furthermore, the effectiveness assessment produced an average N-Gain score of 0.72, categorized as high. This study concludes that Augmented Reality-based Flash Card media has proven valid, practical, and effective, making it suitable for use in Chapter 7 of Indonesian Cultural Heritage for fifth-grade students at SDN 3 Lubuklinggau.