EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research
EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research (e-ISSN: 3031-2884) published twice a year (in June and December) by Edujavare Publishing. This is a multi-disciplinary scientific journal as a dialogue medium of education, social and culture issues. EDUJAVARE: International Journal of Educational Research is The RISTEKBRIN Accredited National Scientific Journal Rank 4 (SINTA 4).
License: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License)
The Influence of Career Guidance Services on Student Career Planning at SMA Negeri 7 Ambon
This study aimed to determine the effect of career guidance services on the career planning of eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 7 Ambon. This research was motivated by the fact that some students had not yet developed mature career plans. Therefore, career guidance services are needed to help students understand their potential, obtain information about higher education and the world of work, and make appropriate career choices. This study employed a quantitative approach using an ex post facto research design. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling technique, while data were collected through career guidance service and career planning questionnaires that had met the requirements of validity and reliability. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, prerequisite tests, and simple linear regression analysis with the assistance of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results of the study indicated that career guidance services had a positive and significant effect on the career planning of eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 7 Ambon. This finding was supported by the hypothesis testing results, which showed a t-value of 4.236 with a significance value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that the research hypothesis was accepted. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination (R Square) was 0.236, indicating that career guidance services contributed 23.6% to students' career planning, while the remaining 76.4% was influenced by other factors beyond the scope of this study. Therefore, it can be concluded that the better the career guidance services provided, the better the students' career planning. The findings of this study are expected to serve as valuable input for guidance and counseling teachers in improving the quality of career guidance services to help students prepare for higher education and their future careers in a more focused and systematic manner
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Implementation of the Index Card Match Learning Model Assisted by QR Code Cards in Science Learning for Grade V Elementary School
Through education, students are expected to have spiritual knowledge, be able to control themselves, have a good personality, be intelligent, have noble character, and have the skills needed in life. This study aims to determine the completeness of the learning outcomes of IPAS students in Class V of SD Negeri Purwodadi. The research method used is a quantitative approach of Pre-experimental design techniques with a One group pre-test and post-test design. The population in this study is all classes V of SD Negeri Purwodadi and the research sample totals 27 students. Data collection was carried out by a test technique consisting of 16 multiple-choice questions. The collected data was analyzed using the z-test. The results of this study are based on the results of the z-test analysis with a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05) obtained Zcount (5.50) > Ztabel (1.64), Hα is accepted and HO is rejected. The average score of student learning outcomes in the initial test was 45.74 and the final test was 77.63 and students with an average increase of 31.89 with a percentage of learning completeness of 92.59%. So that it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of students after participating in IPAS learning using the Index Card Match Model Assisted by Significant QR Code Cards are complete.
The Implementation of Classical Guidance to Enhance Students' Understanding of the Impact of Drugs
Drug abuse is a serious problem among adolescents because the developmental characteristics of this period can increase vulnerability to curiosity, peer influence, stress, and inaccurate perceptions of risk. Schools therefore need preventive guidance that can reach students collectively and strengthen their understanding of the physical, psychological, social, and educational consequences of drug abuse. This study aimed to determine the implementation of classical guidance in improving Grade X students’ understanding of the impact of drugs at SMA Muhammadiyah Tual. The study employed an experimental approach with a one-group pre-test/post-test design. The population consisted of 139 Grade X students, while 30 students were involved as the research sample. The intervention was delivered through five classical-guidance sessions using lectures, brainstorming, question and answer, point games, simulation games, group discussion, and role play. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of 21 valid and reliable items and analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired samples t-test with SPSS. The reported results show that the percentage of achievement increased from 75.24% before treatment to 82.76% after treatment, an increase of 7.52 percentage points. The mean score increased from 52.67 to 57.93, with a mean difference of 5.267 and a reported significance value of 0.000. These findings indicate that classical guidance contributed to improving students’ knowledge of the impact of drugs.
Student Satisfaction with Lecturer Performance
Student satisfaction with lecturer performance is a crucial aspect of higher education that impacts students' learning experiences and academic outcomes. This study aims to analyze the factors influencing student satisfaction regarding lecturer performance at the University of Lampung. A quantitative survey method was employed, involving 300 students as respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire that assessed lecturer competence, teaching methods, and lecturer-student interaction. The results indicate that lecturer competence and innovative teaching methods have a significant influence on student satisfaction. This study provides insights for the institution to enhance the quality of education and academic services.
Compound Words in the Sabbath School Book of the Adventist Church English Edition Quarter 2 Lesson 13 2026 “Into Eternity”
This research is entitled “Compound Words in the Sabbath School Book of English Edition Quarter 2 Lesson 13 2026 “Into Eternity”. The objectives of this research were to identify and analyze the types and meaning of the compound words found in this Sabbath School Book Lesson”. The writer used the Carstairs-McCarthy’s compound words theory to analyze and explain the collected data. This research employed qualitative research as an approach and used a descriptive method in presenting the results. The main source of the data was the script of the seven lessons series from Saturday afternoon until Friday morning of the Sabbath School Book. The results of this research showed that there were two types of compound words found in this lesson, they were Compound Noun and Compound Adjective. Ones that were categorized as compound nouns include: ‘afternoon’, ‘all at once’, ‘earthquakes’, ‘fallen world’, ‘black cloud’, ‘trumpet call’, ‘wedding day’, ‘turning point’, ‘new heaven’, ‘new earth’, ‘forward’, ‘central figures’, ‘holy city’, ‘new Jerusalem’, ‘schoolwork’, ‘holy spirit’, ‘water of life’, and ‘thanksgiving’, while the only compound adjective was ‘face-to-face’. The writer also found two types of compound words meaning, they were endocentric compound and exocentric compound.
Ki Hadjar Dewantara's Educational Thoughts in the Indonesian Independence Struggle 1922-1959
Education in Indonesia has existed since the Hindu-Buddhist era, as evidenced by written sources and visual data in the form of narrative reliefs on temple structures. This study aims to analyze Ki Hadjar Dewantara's educational philosophy and examine his role in the struggle for Indonesian independence through education between 1922 and 1959. The research employs the historical method with a qualitative approach. Data collection was conducted through the study of various sources, including books, scholarly journals, articles, documents, and other relevant literature. Data analysis followed the stages of the historical method: heuristics (source collection), source criticism (verification of authenticity and credibility), interpretation (data analysis), and historiography (historical writing). The research findings indicate that Ki Hadjar Dewantara's educational philosophy is grounded in the concept of human liberation, emphasizing the balanced development of intellect, emotion, and will. Education was viewed as a means to liberate individuals physically and spiritually, shape character, and foster national consciousness. These ideas were realized through the Among System guided by the principles of Ing Ngarsa Sung Tuladha, Ing Madya Mangun Karsa (building spirit from the middle), and Tut Wuri Handayani (providing support from behind) and supported by the concepts of the Three Centers of Education and the Trikon Theory. The study also reveals that Ki Hadjar Dewantara shifted his struggle strategy from the political realm to the educational realm as a form of ideological resistance against Dutch colonialism. Thus, Ki Hadjar Dewantara's educational philosophy made a significant contribution to the formation of the national education system and the struggle for Indonesian independence through character development and the fostering of national consciousness.
Transforming Education Management Based on Poverty Data for the Sustainability of Children's Education in East Lombok
Poverty is one of the structural factors affecting children’s access to, participation in, and continuity of education. Vulnerable household economic conditions increase the risk of learning difficulties and school dropout. This study aims to analyze the influence of the Poverty Gap Index (P1) and the Poverty Severity Index (P2) on the sustainability of children’s education and to develop a model for transforming education management based on poverty data. The study employs a quantitative approach with a descriptive and causal-comparative research design. Secondary data will be obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and relevant institutions, while primary data will be collected through questionnaires and limited interviews using purposive and stratified sampling techniques. The research stages consist of preparation and literature review, collection of primary and secondary data, data processing and cleaning, calculation of P1 and P2, instrument validity and reliability testing, statistical analysis, interpretation of findings, and development of a transformation model and policy recommendations. Data analysis will employ descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression to identify the relationship between poverty conditions and educational sustainability indicators, including the Net Enrollment Rate, Gross Enrollment Rate, and school dropout rate. The expected results and discussion will provide empirical evidence regarding the relationship between poverty depth and severity and the sustainability of children’s education in East Lombok Regency. The findings will serve as a basis for developing a more precise, inclusive, and socially equitable education management model, as well as evidence-based policy recommendations to improve the sustainability of children’s education.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Career Anxiety Among High School and Vocational High School Students in Ambon City
This study aims to analyze the factors influencing career anxiety among high school (SMA) and vocational high school (SMK) students in Ambon City. The study employed a descriptive quantitative approach with a sample of 115 students selected using a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected via a Likert-scale questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, criterion-referenced assessment (PAP), exploratory factor analysis, and normality testing. The results indicate that the students' level of career anxiety falls into the moderate category, with a mean score of 213.96, a minimum score of 160, and a maximum of 258. Based on the criterion-referenced assessment, 79 students (68.7%) were in the moderate category, 20 students (17.4%) in the high category, and 16 students (13.9%) in the low category. The most dominant factor influencing career anxiety was self-efficacy (mean score of 47.67), followed by achievement motivation (30.42), parental support (30.25), school environment (28.93), career information (27.40), family socioeconomic status (27.26), and peers (22.03). Factor analysis results showed a KMO value of 0.634 with a significance of 0.000, indicating the data were suitable for analysis. These findings demonstrate that both internal and external factors play a role in influencing students' career anxiety, with self-efficacy being the most dominant factor.
The Duties and Responsibilities of Christian Spiritual Mentors Regarding the Faith Growth of Contemporary Adolescents
This article examines the important role of Christian Spiritual Mentors in supporting adolescent faith growth in the contemporary era. Spiritual Mentors must understand their work and calling as servants of God who serve rather than seek to be served. Because adolescence is characterized by curiosity, a desire for freedom, and experimentation, Spiritual Mentors have a major duty and responsibility to guide adolescents through activities that strengthen their faith. The study highlights their responsibility to become effective examples and mentors while addressing spiritual and social challenges, especially the influence of technology and social media. This study employs a qualitative approach through a literature study of books, journals, theses, and other relevant sources. The findings indicate that Spiritual Mentors' duties include pastoral counseling, Bible-based teaching, discipleship, community building, social service, active participation, and exemplary Christian living. Digital technology can support faith formation when used wisely but can also encourage addiction, weaken direct fellowship, and influence adolescents' values and behavior. Therefore, Spiritual Mentors need relevant, creative, loving, and contextual approaches so that adolescents develop strong and mature faith and live according to Christian values in a changing society
Negotiation of Tradition and Modernity in the Composer’s Perspective on Processing Nusantara Sound for Contemporary Dance Music
This research is entitled Negotiation of Tradition and Modernity in the Perspective of Composers in Processing the Sounds of the Archipelago for Contemporary Dance Music. This research aims to examine the conceptual depth and also the composer's technique in making contemporary dance music. In this study, the specification of the creation of works revolves on the work of composers who have a foundation in working with the use of the sound of the archipelago with the use of technology. The main word in the title is the word ‘negotiation’ which can be interpreted as a dialogue process that presents bargaining between composers and their various relationships during the journey of creating contemporary dance works. The focus of this research is on the analysis of the creative process of artists, who use and utilize traditional instruments of the archipelago but combined with work activities that use digital audio technology systems. The blend results in new musical constructions that are relevant to the context of contemporary dance. This research has urgency because there is still a lack of specific scientific studies related to the practice of creating contemporary dance music. This has resulted in the emergence of contemporary dance music that is stagnant and tends to follow the style of previous composers, a lack of musical exploration, and also a lack of approach between tradition and technology. In fact, the production of contemporary dance works is developing very rapidly and fast, but it is not accompanied by the conceptual and methodological development of the creation of contemporary dance music. In this study, the method used is a descriptive qualitative method using a theoretical practice approach and a constructivist paradigm. In addition, the research applies a multi-case study method, which involves several composers from different regional backgrounds in Indonesia such as Bandung, Yogyakarta, Bali, Padang and Banjarmasin. The results of the interviews were then analyzed by reducing data based on Bruno Nettl's theory, techno-aesthetic analysis, and triangulation. The final synthesis refers to the post-digital framework of Andersen, Cox, and Papadopoulos (2014) who positions post-digital aesthetics as a way of reading research-based practice. It is hoped that this research will be able to produce a new understanding related to the negotiation of the deconstruction of the sound of the archipelago in the practice of contemporary dance music, as well as form a framework and methodology that can be a reference for the development of contemporary dance music based on the sound of the archipelago in Indonesia.
Technological Opportunities for the Spiritual Formation of Generation Z through Christian Religious Education
The field of education, including Christian education, has undergone significant changes as a result of the digital revolution. As a human being who directly deals with progress in all aspects, humans must be willing to face every change that exists. Every generation will always be confronted with various developments in all aspects, including the digital aspect. In this case, it is very necessary for humans to have sensitivity and ability in everything that must always have an impact. One of the generations that is currently in direct contact with digital change is often called generation Z. Generation Z has different attitudes, traits, and ways of assimilating spiritual beliefs. The purpose of this article is to critically examine the potential use of digital technology to help the spiritual development of generation Z through Christian teaching. The use of technology such as social media, interactive learning applications, and other digital platforms can be an efficient way to communicate Christian values in a contextual, reflective, and individual way, according to literature reviews and qualitative-descriptive approaches. Participatory and transformative religious learning is made possible with heuristic techniques, contextual spirituality methods, and the use of digital pedagogy. However, in order not to get mired in digital formalism, the use of this technology must be supported by ethical and theological considerations. As a result, technology serves as a tool and spiritual channel that connects the daily digital presence of generation Z with their religious experiences. To answer the spiritual demands in the digital era, this study suggests creating an adaptive curriculum and improving the spiritual digital literacy of educators.
Differentiated Assessment in Islamic Religious Education: Concept, Implementation, and Challenges
Differentiated assessment has emerged as an important evaluation approach alongside differentiated instruction and student-centered learning. In Islamic Religious Education (IRE), assessment is expected not only to measure students' cognitive achievement but also to evaluate their spiritual, affective, social, and practical religious competencies comprehensively. However, the implementation of differentiated assessment in IRE remains challenging due to limited teacher assessment literacy, the predominance of cognitive-oriented evaluation, and the lack of assessment models that accommodate students' diverse learning characteristics. This article aims to analyze the concepts, implementation, and challenges of differentiated assessment in Islamic Religious Education through a Narrative Review approach. The study draws upon scholarly literature, including peer-reviewed journal articles, academic books, policy documents, and other relevant publications. The data were analyzed using thematic identification, classification, comparison, and synthesis. The findings indicate that differentiated assessment in IRE should be designed based on students' readiness, interests, and learning profiles while addressing spiritual, social, cognitive, and practical competencies. Its implementation may involve diagnostic, formative, and summative assessments, as well as portfolios, project-based assessment, performance assessment, observation, and self-reflection. The major challenges include inadequate teacher assessment literacy, limited assessment instruments, administrative burdens, technology integration, and insufficient policy support. This review contributes a comprehensive conceptual synthesis of differentiated assessment in Islamic Religious Education and offers recommendations for developing more adaptive, authentic, and student-centered assessment practices.
The Effect of Using Powtoon Animation Media on the Intrinsic Learning Motivation of Fifth-Grade Students in Christian Religious Education Lessons
Education plays a fundamental role in developing students’ knowledge, attitudes, values, and personal potential. This study aims to determine whether the implementation of Powtoon animation media influences the intrinsic learning motivation of fifth-grade students in the Christian Religious Education subject at SD Negeri Lawang Uru-1. This study employed a quantitative research approach using a pre-experimental design to examine the effect of Powtoon animation media on the intrinsic learning motivation of fifth-grade students in Christian Religious Education lessons at State Elementary School Lawang Uru-1. Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the use of Powtoon animation media effectively improved the intrinsic learning motivation of fifth-grade students in Christian Religious Education at Lawang Uru 1 State Elementary School. This improvement was indicated by the increase in the students’ average motivation score from 102.41 in the pretest to 133.32 in the posttest, as well as positive changes in students’ learning behavior, including greater attention, active participation, confidence in expressing opinions, curiosity, and enthusiasm during the learning process.
The Relationship Between the Deep Learning Approach and the Learning Independence of Elementary School Students
This stage is the initial formal foundation for students to learn science, develop attitudes and skills. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the deep learning approach and the learning independence of elementary school students. The deep learning approach consisting of mindful learning, meaningful learning, and joyful learning is believed to be able to encourage students to be actively involved in the learning process and develop the ability to manage learning independently. The research uses a quantitative approach with a correlational design. The research population is elementary school students in grades IV, V, and VI at SD Negeri 2 Pedes, while the sample was determined using the proportional random sampling technique. Data collection was carried out through a deep learning approach questionnaire and a student learning independence questionnaire that has been tested for validity and reliability. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Product Moment correlation. The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between the deep learning approach with a correlation coefficient of 0.712 (p < 0.05). The relationship is in the strong category, which means that the better the application of deep learning, the higher the level of student learning independence. The deep learning approach contributes 50.7% to student learning independence, while the rest is influenced by other factors such as motivation, self-efficacy, family support and student learning environment. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the deep learning approach by teachers, especially strengthening the mindful learning aspect, so that students' awareness and learning independence increase.
Arduino in STEM Education (2016-2025): Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends and Collaboration Patterns
Arduino is a low-cost open-source microcontroller that allows users to program and interactively control electronic components within an electronic circuit. As the demands of this digital era, Arduino has been applied to the learning process, such as in STEM education. This study aims to map the research landscape of Arduino in STEM education using a bibliometric analysis with data from Scopus database. The total data is 143 documents consist of journals and proceedings published between 2016 and 2025. Biblioshiny and VOSviewer were used for the data analysis including publication trends, leading contributors, international collaboration, and thematic structure. The results show the filed of arudino in STEM education is growing rapidly with 76.2% documents published from 2020-2025. Conference papers play a big role, reaching for 43% of the documents and the highest citation impact of the dataset. A limited international collaboration was identified from a low overall international co-authorship rate of 12.59%. The thematic analysis revealed Arduino and STEM education as the motor theme or the core of this field, with research moves from technical to pedagogical themes. These findings offer opportunities for further research such as assessment for this media and to support more international collaboration.
The Application of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Learning Model Assisted by Mind Mapping Media to the Science Learning Outcomes of Grade V Students
Basic education is an important foundation in shaping students' knowledge, skills, attitudes, and character as a provision to continue education to a higher level. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model assisted by Mind Mapping media on the IPAS learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 25 Lubuklinggau. This study employed a Pre-Experimental Design using the One-Group Pre-test–Post-test Design. The population and sample consisted of 23 fifth-grade students of SD Negeri 25 Lubuklinggau selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected through learning achievement tests in the form of pre-tests and post-tests. The data were analyzed using the normality test and hypothesis testing with the Z-test. The results showed that the mean pre-test score was 41.17, while the mean post-test score increased to 79.26, indicating an improvement in students' learning outcomes after the implementation of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model assisted by Mind Mapping media. The percentage of students achieving learning mastery increased from 13.04% in the pre-test to 82.61% in the post-test. The hypothesis testing revealed that the calculated Z value (Zcount = 4.68) was higher than the critical Z value (Ztable = 1.64), indicating that Zcount > Ztable (4.68 > 1.64). Therefore, the null hypothesis (H₀) was rejected, and the alternative hypothesis (Hₐ) was accepted. It can be concluded that the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model assisted by Mind Mapping media had a significant positive effect on the IPAS learning outcomes of fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 25 Lubuklinggau.
Teams Game Tournament Learning Model to Improve the Science Learning Outcomes of Class V of MIN 1 Lubuk Linggau
This research is a quantitative research. This type of research is experimental research with a quasi-experimental research method. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the use of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model based on Interactive Wordwall Games can significantly improve the learning outcomes of fifth grade science students. This type of research is experimental research with a quasi-experimental research method conducted without a comparison class. The results of the research show that there is an increase in students' science learning outcomes after the application of the TGT model based on the wordwall. This is indicated by the pre-test results of 3.45% with 1 student who completed and the post-test value of 93.10% with 27 students who completed out of 29 students. The data analysis technique used is the z-test at a significance level of 0.05, so that the calculated Z = 6.40 and Z table = 1.64 ( calculated Z ≥ Z table ). Based on the results of the data analysis conducted, it can be concluded that the results of learning science in grade V students based on interactive wordwall games have significantly achieved the criteria for achieving learning objectives.
Teacher Role Modeling in Developing Students’ Self-Control in Christian Religious Education at Class VIII-4 of SMP Negeri 7 Palangka Raya
This research is based on the importance of developing students’ self-control as an important aspect of character education. In Christian Religious Education, teachers not only deliver learning materials but also serve as role models in shaping students’ character. This study aims to describe (1) the role of Christian Religious Education teachers in forming students’ self-control, (2) the formation of self-control through Christian Religious Education, and (3) supporting and inhibiting factors in class VIII-4 of SMP Negeri 7 Palangka Raya. This study employed a qualitative approach. The informants consisted of one Christian Religious Education teacher and eight students. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings show that teacher role modeling is reflected in discipline, respect, and humility. Supporting factors include teacher competence, a conducive school environment, learning, and student awareness, while inhibiting factors include limited supervision, peer influence, uncontrolled digital media use, and low self-awareness
Human Resource Management Strategy in Improving the Quality of Teaching Staff at MTs Hidayatul Mubtadiin, South Lampung
In Indonesia, Islamic education plays a pivotal role in shaping individuals who are not only intellectually capable but also possess strong moral and spiritual qualities. This study aims to examine the implementation of human resource management (HRM) strategies designed to enhance teacher quality at MTs Hidayatul Mubtadiin in South Lampung. Employing a qualitative descriptive method utilizing observation, interviews, and documentation the study analyzes data based on the concepts of Miles and Huberman. The findings indicate that the HRM strategies at MTs Hidayatul Mubtadiin have significantly improved both teacher quality and the standard of Islamic religious instruction. These strategies encompass all fundamental management functions: from planning and a rigorous, selective recruitment process prioritizing academic competence and moral integrity to continuous training and development through workshops and learning communities. Teacher performance evaluation is formative in nature, aiming not merely to assess but also to foster self-reflection and competence enhancement. Furthermore, a comprehensive reward management system comprising financial incentives, formal recognition, and career development opportunities motivates teachers to perform at their best. The exemplary leadership of the *madrasa* principal and senior teachers further reinforces a positive, religiously grounded work culture. Overall, these strategies not only elevate teacher professionalism but also support the development of students' religious character and the holistic achievement of Islamic educational goals: producing a generation characterized by faith, knowledge, and noble character.
Development of a Marketing Strategy for Moke in the Digital Era (A Case Study in Tuapukan Village, Kupang Regency)
In Tuapukan Village, a portion of the community meets their livelihood needs by selling traditional alcoholic beverages (Moke). However, in the sales process, technology and social media have not been fully utilized to promote their products, resulting in limited consumer reach and, consequently, a lack of support for improving the welfare of those engaged in the Moke business. The purpose of this research is to develop effective marketing strategies through the use of technology and social media to increase sales volume. The research employed a qualitative method (case study), along with strategy development using the TOWS analysis technique Threats, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Strengths in order to generate various strategic options for advancing Moke marketing. The key informants in this study included the Village Head, Moke producers, and consumers. The findings indicate the necessity of transforming marketing strategies from conventional models to more modern and adaptive approaches, particularly by innovating Moke distillation equipment to achieve standardized taste quality.
Utilizing Mini Garden Project Media and Project-Based Learning to Increase Elementary School Students' Interest in Learning Science
Science instruction in elementary schools often remains teacher-centered, resulting in low student engagement and interest; this is evident in the teaching of plant-related topics to fifth-grade students at SDN Unyur. This study aims to describe the implementation of science instruction using the "Mini Garden Project" medium integrated with the Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model, to assess student learning interest following this implementation, and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed. Data were gathered through semi-structured in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and document analysis involving fifth-grade teachers and students at SDN Unyur. The data were subsequently analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The results indicate that instruction was conducted in accordance with the PjBL syntax ranging from defining the fundamental question to evaluating the experience and successfully boosted student learning interest, as evidenced by heightened attention, curiosity, engagement, active participation, and enthusiasm. Supporting factors included school backing, a suitable environment, and the availability of tools and materials, whereas inhibiting factors included time constraints and weather conditions. The study concludes that integrating an environment-based learning medium with the project-based learning model is effective in enhancing elementary students' interest in science learning.
The Impact of Using ChatGPT as a Learning Assistant on the Scientific Literacy of Fifth-Grade Elementary School Students
The development of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), especially ChatGPT, opens up opportunities for the use of technology as a learning assistant to support the science learning process. This study aims to analyze the influence of the use of ChatGPT as a learning assistant on the science literacy of grade V elementary school students. The study used a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design and a pretest-posttest control group design pattern. The research subjects amounted to 42 students in class V of SD IT Luqman Al Hakim consisting of 18 students in the experimental class and 24 students in the control class. Data was collected using a science literacy test in the form of 10 description questions given before and after treatment. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), with pretest scores as covariates and posttest scores as dependent variables. The results showed a significant difference in posttest scores between the experimental class and the control class after the initial ability was controlled, with values of F (1.39) = 5.131, p = 0.029, and η² = 0.106. The average posttest score was corrected in the experimental class of 51.41, while the control class was 39.15, with a difference of 12.26 points. These results show that the use of ChatGPT as a learning assistant has the potential to support the achievement of students' science literacy. However, the large contribution of treatment of 10.6% shows that the achievement of science literacy is also influenced by other factors outside of treatment.
Implementation of the Independent Quran Study Program as an Alternative Form of Islamic Religious Education in a Remote Muslim-Minority Area: The Case of Ujung Deleng Village
Islamic religious education plays an important role in developing students’ faith, character, and Islamic identity. However, the provision of Islamic education services still faces various challenges, particularly in remote areas with limited availability of Islamic education teachers and environments dominated by non-Muslim communities. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Ngaji Mandiri Program as an alternative Islamic religious education model in a remote area with a Muslim minority in Ujung Deleng Village. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving Islamic education teachers, Muslim students, parents, and community religious leaders as research informants. Data analysis was conducted using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña interactive model, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the Ngaji Mandiri Program functions as an alternative form of non-formal Islamic education through Qur’an learning activities, worship guidance, character development, and continuous religious mentoring. The program positively influences students’ Qur’anic reading skills, understanding of Islamic worship practices, discipline, and strengthening of Islamic identity. The novelty of this research lies in proposing a conceptual model of the Ngaji Mandiri Program as a community-based Islamic education strategy that can support Muslim minorities living in remote areas with limited access to formal Islamic education services
Reka Edu SmartBox: A Smart and Practical Tool for Instilling Multicultural Values in Grade 5 Elementary School Classrooms
This study aims to examine the feasibility of the Smartbox learning media in terms of practicality and effectiveness. The implementation of the media focuses on Civic Education (PKn) learning in fifth-grade elementary school, with the specification of cultural diversity material referring to multicultural values. This study employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which was selected to implement the product development procedure by presenting descriptive quantitative data and narrative qualitative data. The research subjects involved several experts, including two practitioners and two expert lecturers who acted as evaluators of the media design and material concept design. Data collection methods used questionnaire techniques distributed to several experts, and the assessment results were then recapitulated based on predetermined criteria. Meanwhile, qualitative data were obtained through classroom observations to identify students’ responses to the media implementation. In addition, interview data from teachers were collected to determine the initial learning problems. Various activity documentations supported the research implementation, particularly regarding students’ interactions with the developed product. The results showed that the media received a very good assessment from expert lecturers in the media design aspect with an achievement score of 87.5%, while the assessment from practitioners reached 83.3%. In the material content aspect, expert lecturers gave a score of 79.16%, while practitioners provided an assessment score of 77.08%. Both assessments were categorized as good criteria, indicating that the Smartbox learning media is feasible to be used in Civic Education learning in elementary schools.
Development of a Local Wisdom-Based VideoScribe Learning Media to Enhance Children's Ecoliteracy in Banjarmasin City
The low level of environmental awareness among young children remains a significant challenge to achieving sustainable development. This study aimed to develop a local wisdom-based VideoScribe learning medium inspired by the cultural and environmental characteristics of Banjarmasin City to enhance young children's ecoliteracy. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Four-D (4D) development model, consisting of the Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate stages. The developed product was validated by two media experts and two subject-matter experts before being implemented with early childhood learners. Data were collected through observations, interviews, expert validation questionnaires, and documentation, while qualitative data were analyzed using the interactive analysis model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, including data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The findings indicate that the local wisdom-based VideoScribe learning media were highly feasible for classroom implementation and effectively improved children's ecoliteracy. Following the learning intervention, the children demonstrated a better understanding of environmentally responsible behaviors, including proper waste disposal, maintaining environmental cleanliness, caring for plants, conserving water, and recognizing the importance of preserving rivers as an integral part of the cultural and ecological heritage of Banjarmasin. The integration of animated presentations with local wisdom-based storytelling created a more engaging, contextualized, and meaningful learning experience for young children.
The Use of Audio-Visual Media in Islamic Religious Education Instruction for Grade V Students at SDN 057 North Bengkulu
This study aims to describe the use of audiovisual media in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) instruction for fifth-grade students at SDN 057 North Bengkulu, covering the forms of implementation, supporting and inhibiting factors, and the impact on student motivation and learning outcomes. The study is motivated by the phenomenon of low student interest in PAI when taught solely through lectures and rote memorization, lacking varied instructional media. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through observations, interviews, and documentation involving the PAI teacher, the school principal, and fifth-grade students. The results indicate that the use of audiovisual media—such as instructional videos, animated films depicting the stories of prophets, and religious audiovisual presentations—enhances students' understanding of abstract concepts, including *aqidah-akhlaq* (creed and character), the history of Islamic culture, and the procedures of worship. Audiovisual media also proved effective in boosting student concentration, enthusiasm, and active participation during the learning process. However, implementation faces challenges regarding limited projector facilities, internet connectivity issues, and varying levels of technological competence among teachers. The study recommends providing digital literacy training for PAI teachers and increasing the availability of educational technology resources in primary schools to optimize the use of audiovisual media.
Exploring the Implementation of the Montessori Practical Life Area at Home and School for Children Aged 3–4 Years
Montessori Practical Life activities play an important role in promoting young children's independence, responsibility, and everyday life skills through meaningful real-life experiences. This study aimed to explore the implementation of Montessori Practical Life activities at school, their continuation at home, and the continuity of these practices between the two learning environments for children aged 3–4 years at KB Anggrek, Aluh-Aluh Kecil Muara Village, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. This study employed a qualitative descriptive design. Participants were selected through purposive sampling and consisted of one principal, three classroom teachers, and six parents. Data were collected through observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, including data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed that Montessori Practical Life activities have been consistently integrated into daily routines at school and reinforced through similar activities at home. Teachers implemented the activities by preparing learning environments, demonstrating tasks, and encouraging children to perform them independently, while parents extended these experiences through daily household routines. Effective communication between teachers and parents supported the continuity of implementation across both settings. Although challenges such as limited learning materials, time constraints, and differences in children's developmental readiness were identified, participants adapted available resources and maintained consistent practice. The study concludes that the continuity of Montessori Practical Life activities between school and home reflects a collaborative partnership between teachers and parents in supporting children's independence, responsibility, confidence, and everyday life skills.
The Role of Parents in Instilling Religious Values in the Alpha Generation in Dasan Baru Hamlet, Suralaga District
nstilling religious values within the family environment is a crucial aspect in shaping a child's character and personality from an early age. This study aims to determine the role of parents in instilling religious values in the Alpha generation in Dasan Baru Hamlet, Suralaga District, and identify various challenges faced in its implementation. This study uses a qualitative approach with field research. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observations, and observations. Data analysis techniques used the Miles and Huberman interactive data analysis model. The results of the study indicate that parents play an important role in the formation of children's religious character through role models, habituation to practicing religious teachings, the use of digital technology as a medium for religious education, supervision of digital activities, and providing motivation and support in worship. On the other hand, the process of instilling religious values still faces several challenges, including low parental digital literacy, exposure to negative content, the influence of games and social media, and the rapid flow of information and digital culture that influence children's behavior. Therefore, synergy between families and the wise use of technology are needed so that the instillation of religious values in the Alpha generation can take place optimally amidst the development of the digital era.
Analysis of Islamic Educational Values in the Novel "About You" by Tere Liye on the Character of Sri Ningsih and Its Relevance to the Culture of Female Santri
Islamic educational values are principles, teachings, and references derived from the Qur'an and Hadith, which are then understood and developed through the perspectives of Islamic scholars and prominent Islamic educational thinkers. This study aims to analyze the relevance of Islamic educational values represented by the character of Sri Ningsih in the novel Tentang Kamu by Tere Liye with the culture of female students at the Hikmatussyarief NWDI Salut Islamic Boarding School. The research approach used in this study is a qualitative research approach, the types of research used are library studies and field studies. Data collection techniques use documentation, interviews, and observations. Data analysis techniques used are content analysis, and Miles and Huberman analysis. The results of the study show that the Islamic educational values of the character Sri Ningsih have a strong relevance to the culture of female students, which include the values of faith in the form of faith and tawakal, the value of worship through the habit of carrying out worship consistently, and moral values that include patience, discipline, hard work, honesty, qana'ah, compassion and care, generosity, forgiveness, husnuzan, and obedience. Although the internalization of values in Sri Ningsih's character is formed through life experiences, while in the female students it is developed through the education system and habituation in Islamic boarding schools, both demonstrate the same goal: to develop individuals who are faithful, pious, and have noble morals. Thus, the novel " About You" has significant relevance as a contextual learning medium for Islamic educational values and can support the character development of female students in Islamic boarding schools.
Analysis of the Decline of Islamic Teaching Values (Aqidah, Worship and Morals) Impact of the Development of Social Media
In Indonesia, education plays a strategic role in producing a generation that is intelligent, virtuous, and responsible towards themselves, society, and the nation. This study aims to analyze the level of social media use, its impact on Islamic values, including faith, worship, and morals, and the influence of the erosion of Islamic values on the school environment at SDI Yadinu Masbagik. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used the Miles and Huberman model. Meanwhile, the validity of the data was tested using extended observation, method triangulation, and documentation. The results showed that the level of social media use among students is relatively high and has become part of their daily activities that affect their learning patterns, communication, and social interactions. The use of social media has an impact on Islamic values, characterized by a decline in the quality of aqidah appreciation, discipline in worship, and changes in behavior and ethics in interactions. In addition, the erosion of Islamic values has an impact on the decline of religious culture, discipline, and mutual respect in the school environment. Therefore, synergy is needed between schools, families, and communities in supervising, fostering, and strengthening digital literacy based on Islamic values so that social media can be utilized positively without reducing the formation of students' Islamic character.
A Digital Interfaith Simulation-Based Islamic Religious Education Learning Model to Strengthen Religious Moderation
The rapid development of digital technology provides extensive opportunities for the world of education to introduce innovation in the learning process. This study aims to describe the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning model based on digital interfaith simulation and analyze its role in strengthening students' religious moderation at SMA Islam Plus Amali Bilakembar in Suela Village. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive qualitative research type. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used the Miles and Huberman model. Meanwhile, data validity was tested using source triangulation and technical triangulation. The results show that the digital interfaith simulation learning model integrates digital technology with simulations, collaborative discussions, and problem-based learning to create a contextual learning experience. This learning model is no longer teacher-centered, but rather provides space for students to build knowledge through contextual learning experiences. In addition, digital interfaith simulation has been proven to contribute to strengthening religious moderation by increasing tolerance, social awareness, digital literacy, and the ability to respond to diversity wisely without reducing commitment to religious teachings. Thus, the Islamic Education learning model based on digital interfaith simulation is one of the effective learning innovations in shaping the character of students who are moderate, inclusive, and adaptive to life in a multicultural society in the digital era.
Utilization of Artificial Intelligence to Support the Learning Process in Higher Education
The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly impacted the learning process in higher education. This study aims to analyze the use of artificial intelligence to support the learning process in higher education, including the forms of use, benefits, and challenges it poses. The study used a qualitative descriptive approach with a literature review method. Data were obtained from various scientific journal articles, books, research reports, and institutional documents relevant to the use of AI in higher education. Data analysis was conducted using content analysis by identifying, classifying, comparing, and synthesizing various previous research findings. The results show that AI can be utilized as a learning assistant, a supporter of personalized learning, a developer of teaching materials, a provider of feedback, an assessment supporter, and a tool to enhance student self-directed learning and creativity. The use of AI can also help lecturers increase efficiency in planning and implementing learning. However, the use of AI presents challenges such as information inaccuracy, technology dependency, violations of academic integrity, data privacy, bias, and the potential for a decline in students' critical thinking skills. Therefore, the use of AI in higher education must be carried out ethically, critically, responsibly, and human-centeredly through strengthening AI literacy, improving lecturer competency, institutional policies, and adjusting assessment systems. AI should be positioned as a tool to enhance the learning process, not as a substitute for lecturers or students' thinking processes.
Reading Comprehension Instruction Based on Barrett's Taxonomy in Grade IX at SMPN 1 Karanggeneng
This study aims to describe the reading comprehension learning process and the characteristics of students' reading abilities in class IX.B SMPN 1 Karanggeneng based on the five levels of Barrett Taxonomy, namely literal, reorganization, inferential, evaluative, and appreciative. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. The subjects were students of class IX.B selected through purposive sampling. Research data included learning planning (teaching modules), learning process (documentation videos and field notes), and learning outcomes (student-made test items and peer assessment results). Data analysis was conducted through four stages: data collection, data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings revealed that reading comprehension learning was implemented in sequential stages, starting from orientation, material delivery, example provision, text construction, question development, to joint summary. Test item analysis showed dominance of literal comprehension level with 250 items out of 330 total items, followed by reorganization with 52 items and inference with 28 items, while evaluative and appreciative levels were not found. Peer assessment results demonstrated variation in student achievement with the highest score of 100, middle score of 92, and lowest score of 86. The implication of this study indicates that reading comprehension learning requires a gradual approach starting from strengthening foundational understanding, but the depth of students' cognitive engagement still needs to be enhanced to better align with inquiry-based and active learning approaches that demand higher-order reasoning, particularly at evaluative and appreciative levels.
The Correlation Between Medicinal Plant Knowledge and Students’ Conservation Attitudes Using North Sumatera Medicinal Plants Ethnoscience e-Catalog
This study aimed to analyze the correlation between medicinal plant knowledge and students’ conservation attitudes after using the North Sumatra Medicinal Plant Ethnoscience e-Catalog. The e-Catalog is accessed through Google Sites and contains information on the local and scientific names, morphology, benefits, habitat, and conservation values of medicinal plants in North Sumatra integrated with ethnoscience. This research is a quantitative correlational study. The research subjects numbered 33 science education students. Data were collected using a medicinal plant knowledge test and a conservation attitude questionnaire. Data analysis used descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, and Spearman’s rho correlation. The results showed that the students’ average medicinal plant knowledge was 70.52 and the average conservation attitude was 40.24. Spearman’s correlation test produced a correlation coefficient of ρ = 0.687 with a significance value of p = 0.000 (p < 0.01), indicating a strong and statistically significant positive relationship between medicinal plant knowledge and students’ conservation attitudes. The coefficient of determination value of 47.2% shows that medicinal plant knowledge provides a fairly large contribution to students’ conservation attitudes. The results of this study indicate that the North Sumatra Medicinal Plant Ethnoscience e-Catalog has the potential to become an effective digital learning medium in supporting the strengthening of students’ conservation attitudes through ethnoscience integration.
Science Identity as a Predictor of Agency in the Anthropocene among Preservice Science Teachers
This study aims to analyze science identity as a predictor of agency in the Anthropocene among prospective science teacher students at Medan State University. The study used a quantitative approach with a correlational-predictive design. The sample consisted of 71 fifth-semester prospective science teachers who were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through two self-report instruments, namely a science identity instrument covering the dimensions Performance, Competence, and Recognition, and an instrument of agency in the Anthropocene covering the dimensions Sense of Agency, Ecological Care, and Transformative Action. Both instruments used a four-point Likert scale with 18 items in each variable. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality test, linearity test, Pearson correlation, and simple linear regression. The results show that science identity has a mean of 57.90 (SD = 4.899), while agency in the Anthropocene has a mean of 61.66 (SD = 5.918). The correlation test shows a positive and significant relationship between science identity and agency in the Anthropocene (r = 0.549; p < 0.001). The regression results indicate that science identity is a significant predictor of agency in the Anthropocene (B = 0.663; β = 0.549; t = 5.451; p < 0.001), with a contribution of 30.1% (R² = 0.301). These findings highlight the importance of science identity in explaining the readiness of agency in the Anthropocene among prospective science teacher students.
The Social Construction Of School Bullying: A Symbolic Interactionist Perspective
This study aimed to describe junior high school students' experiences and perceptions of bullying in Pangkalpinang and to examine how these experiences construct the social meaning of bullying through George Herbert Mead's symbolic interactionism. A descriptive quantitative design was employed, complemented by thematic analysis of students' responses to open-ended questions. The study involved 324 students from five junior high schools in Pangkalpinang. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations), while qualitative data were analyzed thematically using Mead's concepts of significant symbols, meaning, self, role-taking, significant others, and the generalized other. The results showed that verbal and relational bullying were the most frequently experienced forms of bullying. Although students generally perceived school policies and anti-bullying measures positively, many remained reluctant to report or intervene in bullying incidents. The qualitative findings revealed that bullying is socially constructed through interconnected processes of symbolic interaction, meaning construction, self-formation, role-taking, the influence of significant others, and the generalized other. This study concludes that Mead's six central concepts operate not as isolated analytical categories but as a dynamic sequence of social processes through which bullying is socially produced, reproduced, normalized, and potentially transformed. These findings provide a sociological perspective for strengthening school-based bullying prevention.
The Islamic Value Based POAC Management Model: Improving the Quality of Education in Madrasas
Total Quality Management (TQM) in education indicates a paradigm shift in the management of educational institutions from an administrative approach to quality management oriented towards continuous quality improvement. This study aims to analyze the implementation of POAC functions based on Islamic values ​​in improving learning quality at MA Hidayatul Mubtadiin South Lampung. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving the principal, teachers, and educational staff. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, while data validity was tested using source and technique triangulation. The results indicate that the implementation of POAC functions has been carried out regularly and integrated with Islamic values. Planning is conducted through needs analysis and deliberation based on trust and responsibility. Organizing is implemented through clear task distribution based on competence, emphasizing justice and brotherhood. Actuating is carried out through active, collaborative, and professional learning practices based on ihsan values. Meanwhile, controlling is conducted through continuous monitoring, evaluation, and follow-up by prioritizing honesty, responsibility, and quality improvement. The study concludes that integrating POAC functions with Islamic values ​​creates an effective, religious, and sustainable learning management system that contributes to teacher professionalism, learning quality, and students' character development.
Analysis of the Contextual Teaching and Learning Model Assisted by Flashcard Puzzles in Elementary School Students' Creative Thinking Skills
One of the demands of 21st century education is the development of creative thinking skills from the elementary school level, because these skills are the basis for students to generate new ideas, provide alternative answers, and solve problems independently. This study aims to analyze the use of the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model assisted by Puzzle Flashcard media in supporting students' creative thinking skills in learning Indonesian language of noun and adjectives in grade II of SDN Beberan 2. The study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with classroom teachers as the main informants and students as supporting informants. Data was collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and student work results, then analyzed using thematic analysis. The results of the study show that the application of the CTL model assisted by Puzzle Flashcard media creates concrete, active, and meaningful learning. Students become more enthusiastic, dare to answer, and work together. Creative thinking skills are seen in the smoothness of producing ideas, the flexibility to provide alternative answers, the authenticity of arranging word pairs, and the elaboration of explaining reasons and developing words into sentences. The CTL model assisted by Puzzle Flashcard media can be an effective alternative to learning Indonesian to support the creative thinking skills of elementary school students.
Students’ Perceptions of Clash A Rama Videos for Listening and Vocabulary Learning
Listening and vocabulary are mutually dependent in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning, yet students often struggle with rapid speech and unfamiliar words when their exposure to English is limited. Animated YouTube videos can combine spoken language, images, actions, captions, and narrative context, but entertainment-oriented content may also overload learners. The purpose of this study was to examine students’ perceptions of Clash-A-Rama animated videos in listening and vocabulary learning and to identify the benefits, barriers, and instructional support they considered necessary. A qualitative descriptive design supported by descriptive questionnaire data was used with 26 Grade X students at an Indonesian senior high school. Data were collected through a 15-item Likert questionnaire and ten open-ended interview questions. Questionnaire data were analysed using frequencies, percentages, means, and an internal-consistency check, while interview data were analysed through Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis. The findings showed conditionally positive listening perceptions: 61.54% reported easier conversational comprehension, whereas 73.08% struggled with speech rate and 76.92% needed subtitles. Vocabulary perceptions were stronger: 88.46% reported learning new words and 92.31% found pictures and situations helpful, although 53.85% still encountered difficult vocabulary. Interview themes showed that multimodal cues, narrative context, and enjoyment supported learning, while fast dialogue, uneven proficiency, fragile recall, and pronunciation difficulties limited outcomes. Clash-A-Rama is therefore most useful as supplementary material when teachers segment clips, sequence captions strategically, pre-teach essential vocabulary, and provide repetition, pronunciation, and retrieval practice.
Workplace Spirituality as an Antecedent of Meaningful Work: A Systematic Literature Review (2016–2026)
In recent decades, research on meaningful work has gained increasing attention within the fields of organizational psychology and human resource management. Employees today seek not only financial compensation but also meaning, purpose, and value alignment in their work. One factor considered to foster meaningful work is workplace spirituality—an individual's experience of finding meaning in work, building connections with colleagues, and aligning personal values ​​with organizational values. This study conducted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of research examining workplace spirituality as an antecedent to meaningful work between 2016 and 2026, adhering to PRISMA guidelines for the identification, screening, and analysis of articles. The review results indicate that workplace spirituality contributes to the formation of meaningful work through several key dimensions: sense of community, inner life, value alignment, self-transcendence, compassion, and mindfulness. Among these dimensions, sense of community and value alignment were the most consistently associated with the development of meaningful work. These findings underscore the importance of organizations creating work environments that support the development of workplace spirituality to enhance employees' perceptions of the meaningfulness of their work. Keywords: workplace spirituality, meaningful work, meaning of work, work spirituality, systematic literature review
Multicultural Education from an Islamic Perspective and Its Relevance to the Lives of the People of Papua
This article specifically examines the concept of multiculturalism from an Islamic perspective by relating it to the social realities of communities in Papua. Based on a conceptual and normative study, Islam views plurality as sunnatullah, meaning that diversity is part of God’s natural order; therefore, universal values such as justice, brotherhood (ukhuwah insaniyyah), and tolerance constitute important foundations for peaceful social life amid differences. Through an integrative approach that connects the teachings of the Qur’an with the social phenomena of Papuan communities, this study explores the relevance of Islamic multicultural values in addressing diversity. This research employs a qualitative approach using the library research method. Data were collected through the identification and analysis of various relevant literature sources, including scholarly books, national and international journal articles, educational policy documents, and previous studies addressing multicultural education and the socio-cultural context of Papuan communities. Data analysis was conducted descriptively and analytically by examining concepts, theories, and empirical findings to identify the relevance of multicultural education to the social life of Papuan communities. The article further emphasizes that Islam regards diversity not as a source of conflict, but as a means of enriching humanity and strengthening unity amid differences. Therefore, the values of multiculturalism embedded in Islamic teachings can serve as an ethical and spiritual foundation for managing diversity and fostering peaceful, inclusive, and harmonious social relations in Papua.
Development of Contextual Hijaiyah Flashcards to Enhance Early Childhood Quranic Literacy at RA Bait Qur’any
This study aims to develop "Contextual Hijaiyah Cards"—a learning medium that is valid, practical, and effective—to enhance early childhood Quranic literacy at RA Bait Qur’any. Early childhood Quranic literacy encompasses the ability to recognize Hijaiyah letters, name the letters, articulate their sounds simply, distinguish between letters with similar shapes, and recall previously learned letters. Preliminary observations indicated that students' Quranic literacy skills were low because instruction tended to rely on conventional methods with limited media, resulting in a lack of engagement and an inability to optimally foster children's learning involvement. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the Four-D (4D) model, comprising the define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The research subjects were 20 children from Group B at RA Bait Qur’any. Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and Quranic literacy tests, then analyzed using descriptive and quantitative methods, specifically N-Gain analysis and paired t-tests. The results demonstrated that the developed medium achieved a practicality rating of 98% and led to a significant, high-level improvement in the children's Quranic literacy skills within the context of this study. This improvement was evidenced by the significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. Thus, Contextual Hijaiyah Cards are suitable for use as an innovative learning medium to support the development of Quranic literacy in early childhood education.
Islamic Religious Education Learning Strategies to Enhance Students' Literacy Enthusiasm in Elementary Schools
This study addresses challenges in elementary students’ literacy enthusiasm in Islamic Religious Education (PAI), including low interest in religious reading, the continued use of lecture-and-memorization practices, and the lack of a structured literacy program. It aims to describe PAI learning strategies used to cultivate students’ literacy enthusiasm, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and evaluate their effectiveness at SD Negeri 8 Tampaan, Enrekang Regency. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with theological-normative, pedagogical, psychological, and sociological perspectives, the researchers collected data through passive-participant observation, in-depth interviews with principals, PAI teachers, homeroom teachers, students, parents, and other stakeholders, as well as documentation studies. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s procedures, and validity was ensured through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Findings show that PAI teachers implement four integrated strategies: contextual inquiry-based learning, digital platforms as a “living library” with digital tabayun, contextual text criticism through a “text–context–reflection” approach, and differentiated instruction producing creative literacy products. Support comes from school policy, teacher creativity, involvement of the school committee and parents, and innovative library management, though limitations remain in teachers’ critical digital literacy and declining deep-reading ability due to instant digital content. Overall, the strategies drive behavioral change and generate diverse, spiritually meaningful literacy outputs.
Application of PSIM Software-Assisted Demonstration Method in Basic Subjects and Electricity Measurement Class X Titl at SMK Negeri 2 Banda Aceh
This study examines the application of the demonstration method assisted by Psim Software to improve the learning outcomes of class X TITL students at SMK Negeri 2 Banda Aceh. The study was motivated by the ineffectiveness of the teaching and learning process and the low learning outcomes of many students. This quantitative research employed a pre-experimental control-group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected through pretests, posttests, and questionnaires, and analyzed using an independent-samples t-test with SPSS. The results indicate a significant difference in student learning outcomes before and after the implementation of the demonstration method. The average posttest score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (74.66 compared with 59.33). The equality of variance test showed that the two groups had homogeneous variances. Furthermore, the significance value of the two-tailed t-test was 0.03, which was lower than the significance level of 0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. These findings demonstrate that the demonstration method assisted by Psim Software can effectively improve the learning outcomes of class X TITL students at SMK Negeri 2 Banda Aceh.
Creative Writing and Lampung Language Revitalization for Generation Z in Literary Camp
This study aims to describe the application of the Literary Camp method in creative writing in the field of Lampung language literature for Generation Z. The study used a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The research subjects were 20 literary camp participants consisting of junior high school students, high school students, and university students throughout Lampung. The study was conducted at Villa Dangau Kedaung, Lampung, on April 6-9, 2026. Data collection techniques included participant observation, documentation of literary works, and in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity was guaranteed through triangulation of sources and methods. The results of the study showed that: (1) the literary camp method significantly improved the quality of participants' creative writing, both in terms of diction, local wisdom themes, and courage to express themselves; (2) the process of translating literary works from Indonesian to Lampung (Pepadun and Saibatin dialects) was successfully carried out by participants with academic guidance; and (3) an anthology of literary works entitled Seaninongan Batas Atas yang Dijaga Angin, which contains 38 works (11 short stories and 27 poems), was successfully published as the final product of the program. It can be concluded that the literary camp method is effective as a local culture-based learning model to increase literary literacy while encouraging the preservation of the Lampung language among generation Z.
The Use Of Bookwidgets As A Web-Based Medium To Enhance Students’ Vocabulary Knowledge
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of BookWidgets as a web-based learning medium in enhancing students’ vocabulary knowledge. This research employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design using a one-group pre-test and post-test. The population consisted of 191 tenth-grade students at MAN 2 Bone, and 26 students were selected as the sample through random sampling. The instrument used in this study was a vocabulary test. The data were analyzed using mean scores and percentages. The findings revealed that the students’ vocabulary knowledge improved after the implementation of BookWidgets. The mean score increased from 59.27 in the pre-test to 75.92 in the post-test, with an improvement of 16.65 points. The interactive features of BookWidgets, such as quizzes, matching exercises, and games, helped students learn vocabulary more effectively by creating an engaging and interactive learning environment. It can be concluded that BookWidgets was effective in enhancing students’ vocabulary knowledge and can be used as an alternative web-based learning medium in English language teaching.
Fostering Student Discipline through School Culture at MI Miftahul Ulum Tulung Jaya
This study aims to describe the forms of school culture implemented to foster student discipline, the process of cultivating this discipline through school culture, and the roles of the madrasa principal, teachers, students, educational staff, and parents in this endeavor at MI Miftahul Ulum Tulung Jaya. A qualitative approach utilizing a case study design was employed. The research was conducted at MI Miftahul Ulum Tulung Jaya during the current semester of the 2025/2026 academic year. Informants—comprising the madrasa principal, teachers, students, and parents—were selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. Qualitative data analysis was performed through processes of organization, reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the school culture implemented to foster discipline includes punctuality, adherence to regulations, the habituation of religious activities, maintaining environmental cleanliness, modeling by teachers and the principal, and fostering responsibility through classroom duty rosters. The process of cultivating discipline involves the dissemination of rules, habituation, role modeling, supervision and guidance, and continuous evaluation. The madrasa principal acts as a leader, director, supervisor, and evaluator; teachers serve as role models, guides, motivators, and mentors; students act as implementers of the discipline culture; and parents play a role in reinforcing disciplined habits within the family environment. The findings demonstrate that consistent implementation of school culture and synergy among all members of the madrasa community are crucial factors in shaping student discipline.
The Effect Of The Application Of The Problem-Based Learning Model On Improving Students' Learning Outcomes In The Learning Of Fiqih In Grade Viii Mts Al-Baitul Qadim Airmata
The primary issue addressed in this study is the low level of student learning outcomes in the *Fiqh* (Islamic jurisprudence) subject, specifically regarding the topic of regulations concerning halal and haram foods. This issue stems from the dominance of the lecture method, which tends to render students passive, limits their participation in discussions, and hinders their ability to relate the subject matter to real-life situations. To address this, the study aims to examine the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in *Fiqh* instruction and to assess its impact on improving the learning outcomes of eighth-grade students at MTs Al-Baitul Qadim Airmata. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a pre-experimental research type with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The study sample consisted of 14 students, selected using the saturated sampling technique. Data collection instruments included pretests and posttests, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis involved normality testing and hypothesis testing using a paired-sample t-test. The results indicate a significant improvement in learning outcomes, with the average pretest score rising from 38.85 to 92.00 on the posttest. The t-test yielded a significance value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), confirming that the implementation of PBL had a significant impact on learning outcomes. The study demonstrates that the PBL model is effective in enhancing conceptual understanding, active participation, and student engagement in *Fiqh* lessons, thereby offering a relevant alternative teaching strategy for educators to improve the quality of education in *madrasas*.
Academic Resilience, Cognitive Load, and Psychological Well-Being of Students Memorizing the Qur’an: A Case Study at a Private Islamic Religious University in Lampung
Role status double student Al-Quran memorizers ( tahfidz ) at the Lampung Private Islamic Religious College (PTKIS) triggered indication problem in the form of burden cognitive cognitive overload , mental fatigue ( academic burnout ), and degradation welfare psychological well - being research qualitative designed studies multi-case This aim analyze dynamics adaptation psychological and mechanism formation resilience academics in 16 students tahfidz in four PTKIS in the agrarian region of Lampung. Data collection was carried out through interview in- depth discussion group focused (FGD), observation, and study documentation, which is further analyzed use technique thematic cross case. Research results indicate that congestion memory work (working memory bottleneck), anxiety academic, as well as spiritual guilt as a result damage memorization can reduced in a way significant through integration coping cognitive -spiritual. Mechanism This covers reorganization intention (cognitive reframing), installments memorization (chunking), resignation active (tawakkal), and strengthening support peers (peer-support halaqah). By practical, proposed recommendation real in the form of restructuring friendly PTKIS curriculum cognition as well as provision center service counseling integrated mental health for student memorizing the Quran.
Development of an IPAS E-Module Based on the Contextual Approach for Third-Grade Elementary School Student
The development of Science and Technology (IPTEK) has progressed very rapidly and has a great influence in various fields of life, including in the world of education. This research aimed to develop a contextual approach-based IPAS E-Module for third-grade students at SD Negeri Rejosari that is valid, practical, and effective. This research employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE development model, which consists of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subjects of this study were third-grade students of SD Negeri Rejosari. Data were collected through questionnaires and tests. The product validation results conducted by experts showed that the E-Module obtained a score of 0.94 from the language expert, 0.94 from the media expert, and 0.81 from the material expert, with an average score of 0.90, indicating that the product was categorized as highly valid. The practicality test, conducted through one-to-one trials, teacher assessments, and small-group trials, yielded an average score of 82%, which was categorized as highly practical. The effectiveness test results, based on the comparison of pretest and posttest scores, showed an N-Gain score of 0.71, which falls into the high category. Therefore, the contextual approach-based IPAS E-Module for third-grade students at SD Negeri Rejosari is considered valid, practical, and effective for use in IPAS learning at the elementary school level.
Enhancing Children's Creativity Through Ecoprint Activities in Arts Learning at Pembina Tamban Baru State Kindergarten
Creativity is one of the essential competencies that should be developed in early childhood because it supports children's ability to think imaginatively, solve problems, and express ideas through meaningful learning experiences. This study aimed to improve children's creativity through the implementation of ecoprint activities in arts learning. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (CAR) design using the Kemmis and McTaggart model, consisting of two cycles with four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. The participants were 15 children in Group B. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings demonstrated a continuous improvement in children's creativity throughout the intervention. Creativity achievement increased from 25.00% in the pre-cycle to 31.67% in Cycle I Meeting I, 60.48% in Cycle I Meeting II, 65.95% in Cycle II Meeting I, and finally 82.38% in Cycle II Meeting II, exceeding the predetermined success criterion of 75%. Overall, children's creativity improved by 57.38 percentage points. The findings indicate that ecoprint-based arts learning effectively promotes children's creativity by encouraging exploration, imagination, originality, and active participation through direct interaction with natural materials. Therefore, ecoprint can be considered an innovative and environmentally based learning strategy for fostering creativity in early childhood education.
Implementation of Outdoor Learning to Improve IPAS Interest and Outcomes at Elementary School
This research was driven by the low learning interest and achievement in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) among third-grade students at SDN Pare 4, resulting from teacher-centered instruction and limited meaningful learning experiences. The study aimed to describe the implementation of the outdoor learning method and evaluate its effectiveness in improving students' learning interest and IPAS achievement. A mixed-methods approach was employed using Classroom Action Research conducted in two cycles consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection. Data were collected through observations, achievement tests, learning interest questionnaires, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative techniques. The results showed that outdoor learning significantly improved both the learning process and student engagement. Students' average learning interest increased from 55.2% in the pre-cycle to 94.5% in Cycle II, while average learning achievement improved from 68.75 to 91.25, with classical mastery reaching 100%. The study concludes that outdoor learning is an effective instructional strategy for enhancing learning interest and IPAS achievement and provides a contextual and engaging learning environment for primary school students.
Improving Fiqh Learning Outcomes Through the Use of Audio-Visual Media for the Topic of Obligatory Bath (Case Study at MIN 2 Seluma)
This study aims to analyze the use of audiovisual media in improving student learning outcomes regarding the topic of mandi wajib (obligatory ritual bathing) in the fourth-grade Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) subject at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 2 Seluma. The study was motivated by the fact that classroom instruction was still dominated by one-way lecturing methods, and some students did not yet fully grasp the correct procedure for mandi wajib as prescribed by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). A case study method with a qualitative approach was employed, involving the Fiqh teacher and fourth-grade students as research subjects. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that the use of audiovisual media had a positive impact on improving the *Fiqh* learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at MIN 2 Seluma regarding the *mandi wajib* topic. A significant improvement was observed after the audiovisual media was implemented in a structured manner over several sessions; the number of students achieving the Minimum Mastery Criteria (KKM) rose to 16 (100% mastery). The use of audiovisual media significantly enhanced the quality of learning across cognitive (material comprehension), affective (attitude toward the lesson), and psychomotor (practical worship skills) domains. Students became more active and enthusiastic, and found it easier to understand procedural material. Furthermore, this media strengthened the teacher's role as a facilitator and created a more interactive and contextual learning atmosphere. In conclusion, the use of audiovisual media had a tangible impact on improving student learning outcomes across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. This reinforces the idea that appropriate media does not merely enhance the delivery of instruction but also fosters the achievement of educational goals in a comprehensive manner.
A Habituation-Based Learning Model for Islamic Religious Education and Character Building to Strengthen Students' Religious Character at MTs Darul Hikmah Burneh, Bangkalan
Students’ religious character constitutes a strategic concern in madrasah education, particularly as the younger generation faces various symptoms of moral decline. At the same time, Islamic Religious Education (PAI) and Character (Budi Pekerti) learning frequently remains confined to the cognitive domain, so that students do not necessarily translate their knowledge into everyday moral action. Departing from this problem, the study aims to develop and describe a habituation-based PAI and Budi Pekerti learning model to strengthen students’ religious character at MTs Darul Hikmah, Burneh District, Bangkalan Regency. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, combining library research with a preliminary field study consisting of observation and document review at the research site. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing in accordance with the interactive model of Miles and Huberman. The findings formulate a habituation-based learning model in three stages: planning, which integrates religious values into learning devices; implementation, which comprises daily, weekly, and monthly habituation activities combining the dimensions of moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action; and evaluation, which relies on authentic assessment through attitude observation, daily journals, and spiritual portfolios. The model is supported by pesantren culture, teacher exemplariness, and parental synergy, yet faces obstacles such as students’ heterogeneous backgrounds and limited supervision beyond the madrasah, making sustained synergy among the madrasah, the pesantren, and parents indispensable. Accordingly, the habituation model proves capable of systematically uniting Lickona’s three character dimensions within a single cycle of planning, implementation, and evaluation. The model may serve as a practical reference for PAI and Budi Pekerti teachers in designing instruction that sustainably cultivates students’ religious habits and awareness, while opening space for further empirical testing
The Learning through Play Method in Basic Piano Instruction
This study is entitled The Play-Based Learning Method in Piano. The focus of the research is to describe the implementation of the play-based learning method in piano instruction and to evaluate its impact on student engagement, motivation, and the development of basic musical skills. This research adopts a qualitative approach using a case study design. The research subjects are piano students with beginner-level skills, enrolled in a non-formal music education institution. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed through reduction, categorization, interpretation, and validation. The findings show that the play-based learning method successfully created an enjoyable piano learning experience, encouraged understanding of pitch, rhythm, and dynamics, and enhanced children's self-confidence and musical expression. All three students demonstrated consistent progress in both technical and affective aspects throughout the learning process. Thus, this method is considered relevant and effective for use in beginner-level piano instruction within non-formal educational settings.
Implementation of Talent-Based Projects as a Differentiated Learning Strategy to Optimize the Potential of 8th-Grade Students at SMP Alam Azzahra, Way Jepara, East Lampung
This study aims to analyze the application of talent-based projects as a differentiated learning strategy to optimize the potential of eighth-grade students at SMP Alam Azzahra Way Jepara Lampung Timur. The research background is based on the need to meet the diverse learning needs of students, which are often not accommodated in a uniform classical learning model. In the research that will be carried out, the researcher has the aim of explaining and analyzing the implementation of talent-based projects asa differentiated learning strategy to optimize student potential. The In this research, the researcher employs a qualitative approach using a field-based case study method. The participants composed of teachers and students involved in the implementation of talent-based projects. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, then analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that talent-based projects provide opportunities for students to develop their abilities according to their interests and strengths. This strategy enhances student engagement, fosters creativity, strengthens independent learning, and increases self-confidence in presenting learning outcomes. Furthermore, teachers act as facilitators who guide students in designing and completing projects based on their individual characteristics. Supporting factors include school support, learning flexibility, and effective collaboration between teachers and students. Meanwhile, challenges involve time constraints, variations in student abilities, and teachers' readiness to design differentiated instruction. The study concludes that talent-based projects have significant potential as an effective differentiated learning strategy for optimizing students' holistic development.
The Role of Islamic Psychology in Addressing Digital Anxiety Among Generation Z in the Era of Artificial Intelligence
The rapid development of digital technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed the lives of Generation Z while simultaneously creating new psychological challenges, including digital anxiety, social comparison, fear of missing out, information overload, technological uncertainty, and concerns regarding future academic and employment opportunities. This study aims to examine the role of Islamic Psychology in addressing digital anxiety among Generation Z in the era of artificial intelligence. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach by examining relevant scholarly literature published in academic databases, including studies addressing Islamic Psychology, digital anxiety, Generation Z, artificial intelligence, spirituality, religious coping, and digital mental health. The selected literature was analyzed thematically to identify psychological challenges associated with digital transformation and Islamic psychological principles that may contribute to anxiety management. The findings indicate that Islamic Psychology provides a holistic framework for understanding digital anxiety through the integration of psychological, spiritual, moral, and existential dimensions. Concepts such as tawakkul, sabr, dhikr, muhasabah, shukr, and tazkiyat al-nafs can support emotional regulation, resilience, self-awareness, acceptance of uncertainty, and the development of meaningful relationships with technology. Islamic Psychology does not emphasize rejecting digital technology or AI but encourages balanced, ethical, critical, and purposeful engagement with technological environments. The study concludes that integrating Islamic psychological principles with contemporary psychological approaches can provide culturally relevant strategies for addressing digital anxiety among Muslim Generation Z and strengthening their psychological well-being, spiritual resilience, sense of identity, and ability to navigate the rapidly changing AI-driven environment.
Management of Service Quality Improvement in Junior High Schools: A Total Quality Management (TQM) Perspective
Analysis Of Human Traits Variation Through Genetic Discs Based On Phenotype Frequency, Allele Frequency, And Genetic Index
This study aimed to analyze human phenotypic variation using a genetics wheel, based on phenotype frequencies, allele frequencies, and genetic indices. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed through a genetics practical activity involving 39 students from the Biology Education Study Program. The traits observed included tongue-rolling ability, earlobe shape, thumb shape, presence of dimples, and hairline shape. Data were obtained through direct observation and subsequently analyzed using phenotype frequency percentages and allele frequencies based on the Hardy-Weinberg principle. The results indicated that the free earlobe trait exhibited the highest dominant phenotype frequency (92.30%), while the straight hairline exhibited the highest recessive phenotype frequency (79.49%). Allele frequencies varied across traits, with dominant allele (p) values ​​ranging from 0.12 to 0.74 and recessive allele (q) values ​​ranging from 0.26 to 0.88. Genetic index analysis revealed variations in phenotypic trait combinations among individuals, with a genetic index of 24 being the most frequently observed (20.51%). The findings demonstrate that the student population possesses a relatively high level of phenotypic diversity, suggesting that practical activities using a genetics wheel can facilitate the understanding of trait inheritance and population genetics concepts.
Negative Stigma Against Salafi Women in the Hidayatul Muslimin I Islamic Boarding School Environment
This study aims to analyze the negative stigma toward Salafi women among students at Hidayatul Muslimin I Islamic Boarding School, Kubu Raya Regency, and to identify the forms of stigma, their impacts on social interaction and psychosocial well-being, as well as the adaptation strategies employed by the students. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach by administering questionnaires to students and conducting descriptive analysis of the collected data. The analysis was based on the dimensions of public stigma, self-stigma, discrimination, social interaction, psychosocial impact, social support, and adaptation strategies using Erving Goffman's Social Stigma Theory as the analytical framework. The findings indicate that Salafi women continue to experience stigma in the form of stereotypes and prejudice associated with their religious appearance. Nevertheless, most respondents maintained positive social interactions and received support from their families, peers, and educational environment. The psychosocial effects were generally reflected in feelings of discomfort resulting from negative public perceptions, while the primary adaptation strategies included ignoring negative comments, strengthening self-confidence, providing explanations to others, and maintaining their religious identity. The study highlights the importance of promoting inclusive education and diversity literacy to reduce stigma toward religious minority groups within educational settings.Keywords: three to five keywords in alphabetical order
The Role of Generative AI in Adaptive Learning: Innovations in the *Merdeka* Curriculum at Private Islamic Higher Education Institutions
The Merdeka Curriculum promotes more adaptive, flexible, and student-centered learning. In this context, artificial intelligence (AI) technology particularly generative AI is beginning to be utilized by instructors in the Elementary Madrasah Teacher Education program to tailor learning materials, methods, and assessments. This study seeks to explore how generative AI is applied in adaptive learning at the higher education level. The study aims to determine the level of understanding, frequency of use, and lecturers' perceptions regarding the effectiveness and challenges of using generative AI in the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum. A descriptive quantitative approach was used in this study, involving 8 lecturers from the University of Islam Lampung. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation and analyzed descriptively.The results show that most lecturers in Elementary Madrasah Teacher Education have a good understanding of generative AI, with a fairly high frequency of use in the teaching process. Lecturers' perceptions of AI's effectiveness in supporting adaptive learning are generally positive, although some challenges such as limited internet access and a lack of technical training are still being experienced. Generative AI contributes to strengthening the implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum by providing more personalized and flexible learning experiences. This study highlights the need for policy support and ongoing training to ensure that the use of AI in education can be optimized
The Effect of Using an Online Learning Module (Google Sites) on Student Attention in the Developmental Psychology Course
The purpose of this study was to examine whether the use of Google Sites as an online learning module significantly influences students' learning attention in the Developmental Psychology course. The study involved 15 second-semester students enrolled in the Islamic Education (PAI) Study Program at STAI Siliwangi Garut. A quantitative research approach was employed, with data collected through a questionnaire administered via Google Forms. Data were analyzed using Simple Linear Regression, as the study focused solely on determining the effect of Google Sites as an online learning module on students' learning attention. The findings revealed that, at a significance level of 0.05, the significance value was 0.000, indicating a statistically significant effect of Google Sites on students' learning attention. The correlation coefficient (R) was 0.880, while the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.774. These results indicate that the use of Google Sites as an online learning module significantly affects students' learning attention in the Developmental Psychology course, accounting for 77.4% of the variance in learning attention, whereas the remaining 22.6% is attributable to other factors not examined in this study. Furthermore, the estimated regression equation was Y = 8.554 + 0.857X, indicating that each one-unit increase in the use of Google Sites as an online learning module is associated with an increase of 0.857 units in students' learning attention.
Job Satisfaction as the Main Predictor of Organizational Citizenship Behavior among Private Islamic Senior High School Teachers
Teachers’ willingness to perform responsibilities beyond formal job requirements is essential for improving the effectiveness of educational institutions. In Islamic senior high schools, such voluntary behaviour reflects not only professional dedication but also organizational values that encourage collaboration and mutual support. This study examines the influence of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on teachers’ Organizational Citizenship Behaviour (OCB). A quantitative explanatory design was employed using questionnaire data collected from teachers at private Islamic senior high schools. Multiple regression analysis was applied to evaluate the individual and combined effects of the independent variables on OCB. The findings reveal that job satisfaction has a significant positive effect on teachers’ OCB, whereas organizational commitment demonstrates a different level of influence when analyzed separately. Simultaneously, both variables significantly explain variations in OCB. These results suggest that teachers are more likely to engage in extra-role behaviours when they experience positive work conditions and maintain strong relationships with their institutions. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from the context of Islamic education and highlights the importance of fostering supportive organizational environments to strengthen teachers’ voluntary contributions
The Application of the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) Learning Model Assisted by Poster Media on the Learning Outcomes of Pancasila Education in Grade IV
Education is a conscious effort to grow and develop the potential of human resources through the learning process. This study aims to determine the significant completeness of the learning outcomes of Pancasila Education for Grade IV Students of SD Negeri 2 Srimulyo after applying the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) learning model assisted by poster media. The research method used was quantitative with pseudo-experiments in the pre-test and post-test categories. The population in this study is all grade IV students of SD Negeri 2 Srimulyo which amounted to 14 students and the research sample was class IV of 14 students, consisting of 6 males and 8 female students who were taken in saturated samples. The data collection technique uses a multiple-choice test technique. Based on data analysis, the average Pre-Test score was 54.46 and the average Post-Test score was 83.04 with a confidence level of α = 0.05 obtained by Zcount 4.46 and Ztable 1.64 because Zcalculate ≥Ztabel then, Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. The results of the study can be concluded that the learning outcomes of Pancasila Education students in grade IV of SD Negeri 2 Srimulyo after applying the Value Clarification Technique (VCT) learning model assisted by poster media are significantly complete.
Strategies For Maintaining Quran Memory Through Holiday Classes Management A Case Study At The Muslim Cendekia Institute In Sukabumi
This research aims to describe the management of the Holiday Halaqah program at Institut Muslim Cendekia (IMC) Sukabumi in maintaining students' memorization quality (itqan) during the academic holiday period. Holidays are often a critical period where students lose their memorization rhythm, necessitating specific management strategies to mitigate this risk. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 13 informants, participatory observation, and documentation studies, then analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model. The results indicate that IMC Sukabumi implements four management functions integratively: 1) Planning with differentiated memorization cluster targets; 2) Organizing through a peer-tutoring system by "Musyrifat" with a 1:10 ratio; 3) Actuating through a "Positive Isolation" method that combines intensive tikrar methods with various recreational-educational activities to prevent burnout; and 4) Controlling through mutaba'ah records, memorization competitions, and final examinations (ikhtibar). Final exam results for 79 students showed an exceptionally high success rate of 96.2%, with 68.3% of students achieving excellent scores (90-100). The study concludes that the centralized management of the halaqah program in the dormitory during the holiday period is effective in strengthening students' itqan and preparing their academic readiness for the upcoming academic year
The Use of Visual Media in Christian Religious Education Instruction for Grade III Students at SD Negeri 1 Panarung, Palangka Raya
Enhancing Students’ Learning Motivation through Responsive Ice-Breaking Activities in Islamic Religious Education: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from Indonesian Senior High School
Learning motivation in Islamic Religious Education and Character Building often declines when classroom instruction relies heavily on one-way explanation and offers limited space for student participation. This study examined the effect of responsive ice-breaking activities on students’ learning motivation at SMA Negeri 5 Mandau, Indonesia. A quantitative quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group was used. The participants were 58 tenth-grade students, consisting of 30 students in the experimental group and 28 students in the control group. The experimental group received Islamic Religious Education lessons integrated with responsive ice-breaking activities, while the control group followed regular instruction. Data were collected using a learning motivation questionnaire and documentation, and were analyzed through descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, Levene’s homogeneity test, and an independent-samples t-test. The study was informed by Self-Determination Theory and the ARCS motivational model. The results showed that the experimental group achieved a higher post-test mean score than the control group. The t-test confirmed a significant difference between groups, t(56) = -2.589, p = .012, with a moderate effect size. These findings suggest that responsive ice-breaking activities can help restore students’ attention, reduce classroom fatigue, and support learning motivation during Islamic Religious Education lessons.
Dynamics of Gadget Usage Behavior in Christian Religious Education Learning in Building Student Integrity in Grade XI of Isen Mulang High School, Palangka Raya
This study investigates the gap between Christian values taught in Christian Religious Education (CRE) and the digital behavior of Grade XI students at SMA Isen Mulang Palangka Raya, particularly regarding honesty, faithfulness, and responsibility. The issue was identified during the Field Experience Program (PPL), where organized academic dishonesty involving gadget use was observed. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research involved Grade XI students and a CRE teacher during the 2025/2026 academic year. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings reveal three patterns of gadget use: adaptive, distractive, and predominantly ambivalent. These patterns are shaped by internal factors, including motivation and self-control, and external factors such as teaching strategies, peer influence, and school policies. Gadgets simultaneously support biblical learning and create opportunities for dishonest behavior, reflecting the complexity of students' digital experiences. The study concludes that strengthening digital integrity requires Christian digital literacy, consistent value internalization, effective self-regulation, and a supportive faith-based learning environment rather than prohibition alone.
The Measurement Problem in Values-Based Curriculum Management: A Systematic Review of Affective Assessment Instruments in Islamic Educational Institutions
The Indonesian Ministry of Religious Affairs introduced the Love-Based Curriculum (Kurikulum Berbasis Cinta, KBC) through Ministerial Decree No. 1503 of 2025, requiring every madrasah to organise intracurricular, cocurricular, and extracurricular activity around five affective commitments known as Panca Cinta. Scholarship has described how madrasah leaders plan and enact this curriculum, yet the evaluative function of curriculum management has attracted far less attention. This review examines how affective outcomes are assessed within values-based curriculum management in Islamic educational institutions, which instruments are reported, what psychometric evidence supports them, and what obstacles prevent measurement. Following the PRISMA 2020 statement, the review searched Scopus, ERIC, DOAJ, Garuda, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2015 and 2026, screened 316 unique records, and retained 30 studies for synthesis. Screening agreement between two independent reviewers was substantial. Thematic synthesis produced four findings. First, affective targets are stated at the level of dispositions rather than behaviours, which leaves them unobservable. Second, assessment practice depends almost entirely on teacher observation, anecdotal records, and documentary evidence collected at classroom level; institutional and supervisory indicators are absent from the corpus. Third, no included study reported construct validity evidence or a reliability coefficient for an affective instrument. Fourth, the barriers reported by practitioners are managerial rather than pedagogical, concerning indicator specification, reporting alignment, and supervisory capacity. The review proposes a three-tier assessment architecture linking classroom evidence, institutional indicators, and supervisory verification, and translates Panca Cinta into low-inference observable indicators. Measurement is positioned as a control function of curriculum management rather than a technical accessory to instruction
Curriculum Management in Islamic Boarding Schools: Integrating the Study of Kitab Kuning and Quranic Memorization (Tahfidz)
Curriculum management in Islamic boarding schools is seen as a necessity for survival amidst competition and globalization, as well as a foundation for future development. Curriculum management plays a crucial role in supporting the success of memorization programs in Islamic educational institutions. This paper aims to explore the concept of implementing curriculum management in the learning of the yellow books and Quran memorization in Islamic boarding schools. Through proper and correct management of the learning of the yellow books and Quran memorization, it is hoped that optimal learning outcomes can be achieved. The study employed a library research method, using sources in the form of journals and books retrieved from Google School. The results indicate that the management of the yellow books curriculum in Islamic boarding schools is implemented in an integrated manner, as the integrated curriculum utilizes a learning approach that enables students, both individually and in groups, to actively explore, explore, and discover concepts. Furthermore, this integrated curriculum is a new curriculum without abandoning the previous curriculum model. Therefore, the integration of the old and new curriculum models can strengthen Islamic boarding schools as unique, creative, and distinctive institutions.
Analyzing English with Jennifer YouTube Channel for Developing Discord EFL Users’ Vocabulary
Vocabulary plays a crucial role in supporting speaking skills, yet Indonesian EFL Discord users often experience speaking difficulties due to limited vocabulary, hesitation, and lack of confidence in real-time communication. This research aims to analyze the use of the ‘English with Jennifer’ YouTube channel for vocabulary development, examine its contribution to speaking skills, and identify challenges faced by EFL Discord users in applying new vocabulary in communication. This study employed a descriptive qualitative design involving six Indonesian EFL Discord users selected through purposive sampling. The data were collected through observation and post-observation interviews on Discord. The findings revealed that the ‘English with Jennifer’ YouTube channel contributed positively to vocabulary development through clear explanations, contextual vocabulary presentation, pronunciation modeling, and communicative learning activities for participants. The acquired vocabulary supported users' speaking performance by improving fluency, lexical variety, pronunciation awareness, and communication confidence. The main challenges identified included lexical retrieval difficulties, limited productive vocabulary, pronunciation issues, and speaking anxiety. In conclusion, the integration of the ‘English with Jennifer’ YouTube channel provides an effective digital learning environment for developing vocabulary to support Discord EFL users’ speaking skills.
Social Criticism in Bintang Emon's Stand-Up Comedy Video "Corruption Is Not Just an Act of Theft"
The video raises the issue of corruption as a social problem that has a wide impact on society and is conveyed through a comedic style that contains satire on the reality of law enforcement in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze social criticism in the Bintang Emon stand-up comedy video with the theme of corruption on Instagram using Teun A. van Dijk's Critical Discourse Analysis. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. The research data was in the form of speech in one Bintang Emon stand-up comedy video with the theme of corruption uploaded on @bintangemon's Instagram account. Data was obtained through the technique of watching and recording by observing the content of the video, then analyzed using the Teun A. van Dijk Critical Discourse Analysis model which includes macro structures, superstructures, microstructures, social cognition, and social context. The validity of the data was tested using the theory triangulation technique by comparing the results of the analysis based on the concept of Critical Discourse Analysis by Teun A. van Dijk and the theory of social criticism. The results of the study showed that the video contained social criticism of corrupt practices which were described as a form of state erosion that benefited a few people and harmed the wider community. In the macro structure, the main theme was found in the form of the importance of eradicating corruption. In the superstructure, the discourse is arranged through opening, development, and closing that builds a humorous effect as well as sarcasm. In the microstructure, the use of diction, sentence forms, and language styles strengthens the message of social criticism.
Implementation of Deep Learning in the Planning and Execution of Indonesian Language Instruction in Class XI TKJ at SMK NU 1 Kedungpring
Abstract Deep learning is an approach applied within the *Kurikulum Merdeka* (Independent Curriculum) to foster mindful, meaningful, and joyful learning. This study aims to describe the implementation of deep learning—specifically regarding lesson planning, instructional delivery, and the alignment between the two—in an Indonesian language class for Grade XI Computer and Network Engineering (TKJ) students at SMK NU 1 Kedungpring. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with the Grade XI TKJ Indonesian language teacher serving as the subject. Data were gathered through observation, interviews, documentation, and an analysis of teaching modules, then analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model, involving data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that the characteristics of mindful, meaningful, and joyful learning were integrated into lesson planning through the formulation of learning objectives, the use of provocative (inquiry-based) questions, and the design of learning and reflection activities. During instruction, these three characteristics were realized by communicating learning objectives, conducting activities that focused student attention, facilitating discussion and collaboration, connecting material to students' experiences, and creating an active, comfortable learning atmosphere. The alignment between planning and implementation was rated as good, as the majority of activities outlined in the teaching modules were successfully carried out in the classroom. However, certain indicators were not optimally implemented, specifically providing opportunities for all students to offer in-depth responses, integrating the material with the professional context of Computer and Network Engineering (TKJ), and adapting instruction to specific classroom conditions.
Analysis of the Implementation of Sign Language Education and Training for Frontline Staff at PT Angkasa Pura Indonesia
This study aims to analyze the implementation of sign language education and training for frontline staff at PT Angkasa Pura Indonesia at I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, Bali, and its contribution to enhancing staff performance in delivering inclusive services. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed. The study involved six informants—comprising one Human Capital Development representative, one Customer Service Officer Leader, two Customer Service officers, and two Aviation Security (AVSEC) officers—selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion-drawing techniques. The results indicate that the sign language education and training were conducted systematically, encompassing training needs analysis, participant selection, material development, training delivery, and evaluation of training outcomes. The discussion reveals that the training contributed to enhancing frontline staff competence, evidenced by improved sign language understanding, the ability to communicate with passengers with hearing impairments, increased confidence in service delivery, and the creation of more responsive and inclusive services. In conclusion, sign language education and training contribute to improving the competence and performance of frontline staff while supporting the realization of more inclusive airport services for all service users.
Phonological Errors in Aku Jeje's Music Video Collection and Their Implementation in the Speaking Skills of Grade XI Students
This research is motivated by the phenomenon of language errors in pronunciation that occur in digital content and are a natural phenomenon that appears in language use, one of which is the music video media by Aku Jeje. This study aims to analyze and explain the forms of omission, change, and addition of phonemes in the eleven music videos and explain the use of the analysis results in the speaking skills of grade XI students. This research method is descriptive qualitative research. Data collection techniques use documents, listening notes, and source triangulation. The data in this study are song lyrics spoken by singers experiencing phonological errors and are analyzed using phonological theory with an error analysis approach and supported by the generative phonological theory according to Chomsky and Halle. The results show that in the eleven music videos there are phonological errors and the type of error that is often found is the omission of phonemes. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the eleven music videos contain phonological errors with data specifically totaling 73 forms, including 45 data on omission of phonemes, 14 data on changes of phonemes, and 14 data on addition of phonemes. Thus, the connection between music videos and language learning materials can be used as an alternative learning resource that is contextual and relevant to students' lives to improve or enhance their speaking skills.
Cyberbullying And Adolescent Mental Health In Timor-Leste: A Systematic Literature Review In The Context Of Lower-Middle-Income Southeast Asian Settings
Cyberbullying is a well-established risk factor for adolescent mental health, yet the evidence base underpinning this conclusion is drawn overwhelmingly from high-income settings. Timor-Leste, the Asian country with the youngest population structure and one undergoing rapid digital expansion, is represented in no prevalence or outcome study of cyberbullying whatsoever. This review synthesises evidence on the association between cyberbullying victimisation and adolescent mental health in Timor-Leste and comparable lower-middle-income Southeast Asian settings, and characterises the structure of the resulting evidence gap. A systematic literature review with narrative synthesis was conducted across nine international databases, three regional databases, and six grey-literature repositories, covering publications from January 2005 to June 2026 without language restriction. No study reporting cyberbullying prevalence or cyberbullying-related mental health outcomes among Timorese adolescents was identified. Timor-Leste is represented solely by five secondary analyses of the 2015 Global School-based Student Health Survey, which recorded an offline bullying prevalence of 28.0% and an independent association between bullying victimisation and attempted suicide (AOR = 2.69, 95% CI [1.02, 7.12]). This absence of evidence is traceable to a specific and correctable instrumentation decision, namely the omission of cyberbullying items from the national survey instrument, rather than to an absence of risk. Timor-Leste satisfies every structural precondition for cyberbullying to constitute a public health problem, while its mental health workforce stands at approximately three professionals per 100,000 population. The priority action indicated is the inclusion of validated cyberbullying items in the next national school health survey cycle, preceded by the development of a Tetun-language measurement instrument.
The Role Of Digital Learning Media In Motivating Elementary School Students' Learning
The development of digital technology has changed many aspects of education, including at the elementary school level. A common problem in classrooms is low student learning motivation due to teaching methods that lack student engagement. This study aims to examine the role of digital learning media in improving elementary school students' learning motivation using a literature review method. The data sources used were twelve national scientific journal articles published between 2023 and 2026, which discussed various types of digital learning media, such as digital interactive boards or smartboards, learning videos, PowerPoint presentations, and the interactive quiz application Quizizz. Data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively using thematic analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results show that digital learning media has a positive impact on elementary school students' learning motivation, both internally and externally, by increasing attention, active engagement, self-confidence, and creating a pleasant learning atmosphere. However, its effectiveness still depends on the limitations of technological infrastructure, teachers' digital readiness and skills, and the risk of dependency and overstimulation in students. This study recommends continued teacher training and equitable distribution of technological infrastructure to optimize the use of digital media in learning.
An Analysis of Students' Mathematical Reasoning in Solving Geometry Problems in Terms of Spatial Ability at SMP Islam Klojen Lumajang
Students' mathematical reasoning in solving geometry problems is significantly influenced by their spatial ability; however, an in-depth qualitative description of the relationship between these two variables remains scarce at the junior high school level. This study aims to describe the mathematical reasoning of junior high school students in solving flat-faced three-dimensional geometry problems, categorized by their spatial ability (high, moderate, and low). Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research involved eight ninth-grade students from SMP Islam Klojen Lumajang as subjects. Participants were selected using spatial ability and mathematical reasoning tests, followed by observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with validity established via technique and source triangulation. The findings revealed a tiered pattern: students with low spatial ability exhibited mechanical-procedural reasoning; those with moderate ability demonstrated situational reasoning (proficient in concrete contexts but deficient in abstract problems); and students with high spatial ability displayed reflective and consistent reasoning across all indicators. In conclusion, a higher degree of spatial ability corresponds to a more mature mathematical reasoning profile. Consequently, geometry instruction should be hierarchically designed to accommodate students' varying levels of spatial ability.
Hots Assessment: Case Of Students' Performance On Understanding Of Statistical Graph
The study purpose is to assess senior high school students' ability on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and understanding of statistical graph by using HOTS based statistical graph problems. The students were given two statistical graph problems. This research utilizes mixed-method research approach. It involves 42 senior high school students. The test result was analyzed based on two categories which are students' performance on solving HOTS based problem and students' understanding of statistical graph. The result suggested that (a) students that have good evaluation have higher rate of success on creating new version of graph based on their analysis; (b) students understanding of graph reading and graph interpretation is considered moderate and the main reason is students understanding of the graph properties itself; (c) Students found that constructing new graph is easier than evaluating graph; (d) Histogram chart is more difficult to construct by the students
Analysis of Differentiated Learning in Indonesian Language Subjects for Elementary School Students
The diversity of learning readiness, interests, and learning styles of elementary school students requires teachers to implement learning that is no longer uniform, especially since the Independent Curriculum requires student-centered learning through a differentiated approach, while Indonesian language learning has tended to be teacher-centered. This study aims to analyze the implementation of differentiated learning in Indonesian language subjects in elementary schools, the forms of content, process, and product differentiation applied, and the obstacles faced by teachers in its implementation. The method used is a library study (library research) with a qualitative approach and content analysis techniques on six articles from accredited national journals published in 2020–2026. The results of the study indicate that all articles report the positive impact of differentiated learning on student activity, motivation, and learning outcomes; process differentiation is most often applied compared to content and product, with diagnostic assessment as a key instrument for mapping student needs; and three main obstacles that are consistently reported are time constraints, large student numbers in one class, and teachers' lack of understanding of student learning styles. It can be concluded that differentiated learning effectively improves the quality of Indonesian language learning in elementary schools, but its success depends on systemic support in the form of continuous teacher training and adjustment of the student ratio per class, so that future research is recommended to use a quantitative design to measure the magnitude of its impact measurably.
Implementation of Adaptive Reading Learning Strategies for Slow Learner Students at Mahira Natural Elementary School, Bengkulu City
This study aims to describe the implementation of adaptive reading learning strategies for slow learner students and identify supporting and inhibiting factors in their implementation at Alam Mahira Elementary School in Bengkulu City. This study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis used the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of adaptive reading learning strategies is carried out through individual mentoring, the use of visual media, repetition of material, simplification of material delivery, providing flexible learning time, and providing motivation and positive reinforcement according to the characteristics of slow learner students. Supporting factors in the implementation of this strategy include teacher commitment, the availability of learning media, an inclusive school environment, and collaboration between teachers, schools, and parents. Inhibiting factors include differences in reading ability among students, low student concentration and self-confidence, limited time for teachers to provide individual mentoring, and less than optimal parental involvement in accompanying learning activities at home. Thus, the implementation of adaptive reading learning strategies can support the improvement of slow learner students' reading abilities while realizing a more inclusive, effective, and appropriate learning process for students' needs.
Transforming Islamic Religious Education through a Love-Based Curriculum: A Holistic Approach to Strengthening the Profile of Character-Based Students
The transformation of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) is increasingly necessary to address the moral, social, and spiritual challenges faced by students in the twenty-first century. This study aims to examine the philosophical foundation, implementation, and contribution of a Love-Based Curriculum in strengthening the profile of character-based students within Islamic Religious Education. The study employed a qualitative library research design by reviewing scholarly literature, books, and international educational reports published primarily between 2020 and 2025. Data were collected through systematic literature searches and analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify recurring concepts related to holistic education, character development, Islamic educational philosophy, and compassionate pedagogy. The findings indicate that a Love-Based Curriculum integrates cognitive, emotional, spiritual, social, and moral dimensions into a unified educational framework grounded in the Islamic principles of rahmah (compassion), justice, empathy, sincerity, and respect for human dignity. Its implementation promotes caring teacher–student relationships, inclusive school cultures, reflective learning, collaborative engagement, and authentic value internalization.
Students’ Perception of Teacher’s Code-Switching in Teaching English at Junior High School
This study aimed to investigate the level of students’ perceptions of teacher’s code-switching in teaching English at SMP UNKLAB. A descriptive quantitative design was employed, collecting data from 89 students through a questionnaire adapted from Aminah (2022). The findings revealed that the overall level of students’ perception was positive (M = 3.92). Specifically, the results for each indicator were interpreted as positive: receiving of stimulus (M = 3.92), understanding (M = 4.00), and evaluation (M = 3.86). These results indicate that students find teacher’s code-switching to be a helpful strategy that supports their comprehension and motivation in class. In conclusion, code-switching is perceived as a valuable instructional tool to bridge language barriers. Therefore, it is recommended that English teachers use code-switching strategically to clarify complex materials while maintaining sufficient English exposure for students.
Integration of Islamic Religious Education Values in Physical Education, Sports, and Health Learning to Improve the Honesty Character of Elementary School Students
Honesty is a fundamental character value underlying the moral development of elementary school students. However, dishonest behaviors such as cheating, failing to admit mistakes, and unsportsmanlike conduct are still frequently observed in learning activities, including in Physical, Sport, and Health Education (PJOK). This study aims to describe the forms of integration of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) values into PJOK learning, to identify students' honesty character, and to analyze the contribution of this integration to strengthening students' honesty at SDN 003 Bontang Utara. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews with the principal, the PAI teacher, the PJOK teacher, and students in grades III and V, as well as documentation studies, and were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana interactive model, consisting of data management, data reduction, data display, case analysis, and conclusion drawing and verification. Data validity was ensured through source triangulation, method triangulation, persistent observation, and prolonged engagement. The findings indicate that PAI values were systematically integrated through habitual prayer before and after lessons, teacher modeling, reinforcement of sportsmanship and fair play, and were supported by a religious school culture including congregational Dhuha prayer and Qur'an recitation. Students' honesty developed across six dimensions: honesty toward oneself, peers, teachers, parents, academic conduct, and toward Allah, although some students still experienced internal barriers such as fear and shame in admitting mistakes. The integration of PAI values into PJOK learning is shown to positively contribute to strengthening elementary students' honesty character, while also offering a collaborative and contextual integration model for character education grounded in Islamic values.
The Aesthetic Construction of Sundanese Classical Dance: From Dancer Aesthetics to Dance Aesthetics
Studies of dance aesthetics in Indonesia have so far been more oriented towards the performative qualities of dancers, thus failing to comprehensively explain the mechanisms of aesthetic formation of dance works. This study aims to formulate the aesthetic construction of Sundanese Classical Dance through an analysis of the relationship between artistic structure and the Sundanese aristocratic cultural value system. This study uses a qualitative paradigm with an ethnochoreological approach. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, documentation studies, and literature studies of dance maestros, choreographers, academics, cultural figures, and practitioners of Sundanese Classical Dance in West Java. The analysis was carried out iteratively through the identification of artistic structures, identification of cultural values, relational analysis, and conceptual synthesis. The results of the study indicate that the aesthetics of Sundanese Classical Dance are not formed solely by the individual abilities of the dancers, but are the result of a construction born from the dynamic interaction between artistic structures including movement, music, makeup, costume, spatial patterns, and presentation with the Sundanese aristocratic cultural value system such as refinement, harmony, politeness, self-control, and honor. This study produces a Sundanese Classical Dance Aesthetic Construction Model that explains the process of transforming cultural values ​​into artistic structures, thereby producing aesthetic experiences and shaping the aesthetic identity of dance works. These findings expand the study of dance aesthetics from a dancer-centered paradigm to one that positions dance works as artistic and cultural constructions and offers a conceptual framework that can be applied to research on various Indonesian dance traditions.
Implementation of Core Ethical Values by Peers in Shaping the Islamic Character of Elementary School Students
The formation of students' Islamic character at the elementary school level faces various challenges, particularly in strengthening the values of honesty, responsibility, and caring in daily life, while character education in schools still tends to rely on the role of teachers, so that the potential of peers as social agents has not been optimally utilized. This study aims to describe the implementation of core ethical values by peers in shaping students' Islamic character and to analyze its implications at SD Negeri 009 Bontang Utara. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study method. The research informants consisted of the principal, an Islamic Religious Education teacher, a fifth-grade classroom teacher, six students, and three parents. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, comprising data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings show that the implementation of core ethical values, namely honesty, responsibility, and caring, is carried out through six interrelated strategies: role modeling, habituation, mutual advice and reminders, cooperation, social reinforcement, and peer social control. The implementation of these values has implications for strengthening students' Islamic character, reflected in the development of honest, responsible, and caring behavior, as well as the emergence of positive social dynamics in the form of peer support circles, constructive peer pressure, and positive friendship patterns. This study confirms that positive social relationships within peer groups contribute to the sustainability of character value implementation on an ongoing basis in the elementary school environment.
Implementation of Thematic Learning in Islamic Religious Education to Increase the Understanding of Spiritual Values of Elementary School Students
Islamic Religious Education (IRE) in elementary schools is often taught conventionally with an emphasis on memorization, so that students' understanding of spiritual values tends to remain cognitive and has not yet been internalized into daily attitudes. This study aims to analyze the implementation of thematic learning in IRE, identify the spiritual values developed, and reveal its supporting and inhibiting factors at UPT SDN 74 Bolang, Enrekang Regency. The study used a qualitative approach with an intrinsic case study design, conducted from October 2025 to January 2026. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with the principal, the IRE teacher, and homeroom teachers of grades I-VI, and documentation, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model (data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing) and validated through prolonged engagement, persistence of observation, and source triangulation. The results show that thematic learning effectively connects religious teaching with students' real experiences through themes of family, social life, and responsibility, so that the values of honesty, compassion, and responsibility began to appear in students' behavior both at school and at home. Key supporting factors include teacher collaboration, flexible school policy, and parental involvement, while inhibiting factors include limited instructional time, insufficient reinforcement of values at home, and the negative influence of social media. This study contributes a contextual thematic IRE learning model suited to the socio-cultural characteristics of the Enrekang community, serving as a reference for developing similar learning in other elementary schools.
Implementation of Islamic Religious Education Learning for Children With Special Needs in Inclusive Schools: A Case Study of State Elementary School 003 Bontang Utara
Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in inclusive schools faces particular challenges because it must remain accessible to students with special needs (ABK) who have diverse learning characteristics. This study aims to analyze the planning, implementation, and evaluation of PAI learning for ABK at SD Negeri 003 Bontang Utara, a public elementary school that organizes inclusive education. The study employed a qualitative case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with PAI teachers, special assistant teachers, and the school principal, and document study of learning instruments, then analyzed following the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model reinforced with Yin's pattern-matching technique, with credibility established through source and technique triangulation and member checking. The findings show that PAI lesson planning is carried out adaptively through individual needs identification, modification of objectives into functional outcomes, simplification of materials, selection of concrete media, and preparation of socio-emotional strategies synchronized with the Individual Learning Program. Implementation takes place inclusively and collaboratively through mixed classrooms, peer tutoring, positive reinforcement, and persuasive behavior management. Evaluation is authentic, individual, and process-based, emphasizing gradual progress in worship practice, social behavior, and independence rather than comparison with regular students' standards. These findings align with Law Number 8 of 2016, Ministerial Regulation Number 48 of 2023, and the Qur'anic value of human equality. The study recommends strengthening PAI teachers' competence in inclusive learning and developing a more systematic PAI differentiation guideline for inclusive elementary schools.
State Financial Management During the Caliphate of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq: Historical Perspectives on Islamic Civilization and Its Relevance to Islamic Business Management
The death of Prophet Muhammad marked a critical transition in the formation of the early Islamic state, requiring effective financial governance to preserve political stability and social cohesion. Although Abu Bakr As-Siddiq's fiscal policies have been widely discussed from economic perspectives, their contribution to Islamic civilization and relevance to contemporary Islamic Business Management remain underexplored. This study aims to analyze the state financial management model implemented during Abu Bakr's caliphate from the perspective of Islamic civilization and examine its relevance to Islamic Business Management. A qualitative historical approach was employed through document analysis of classical historical sources and recent journal articles published between 2020 and 2025. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis and source triangulation to ensure the credibility of historical interpretation. The findings reveal that Abu Bakr established a financial governance model based on amanah (trustworthiness), justice, accountability, consultation, and public welfare, which strengthened political legitimacy, institutional continuity, and social integration during the formative period of Islamic civilization. This study concludes that these governance principles remain relevant for contemporary Islamic Business Management, particularly in promoting ethical leadership, corporate governance, financial accountability, and sustainable organizational management, while bridging Islamic Civilization Studies and Islamic Business Management through a historical governance perspective.
The Representation of Slavery of the Characters in the Beautiful Novel is Luka by Eka Kurniawan
The issue of slavery is still one of the serious problems that reflects the dark side of social life in Indonesia. This phenomenon still continues to take root from the colonial to postcolonial periods. This research aims to represent the slavery of the characters in the novel Cantik itu Luka by Eka Kurniawan using the perspective of Spivak's subaltern. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method with reading and recording techniques. The results of the study show that there are 15 data that represent physical, economic, and sexual slavery. The three forms of slavery show the loss of agency, freedom, and voice of the characters in the novel Cantik itu Luka by Eka Kurniawan due to hegemonic or colonial power relations. The results of the analysis using Spivak's subaltern perspective, it can be concluded that the novel Cantik itu Luka by Eka Kurniawan represents 15 data on slavery practices that cross the Dutch colonial era, Japanese occupation, and post-independence.
The Influence of Strengthening Islamic Religious Education through a Religious Culture on Students' Religious Behavior at Private Junior High School Harapan 3 Medan
Addressing the gap between cognitive understanding and practice in Islamic Education (PAI) caused by theoretical-rote methods, this study analyzes the impact of PAI reinforcement based on religious culture on student behavior at SMP Swasta Harapan 3 Medan. Using a quantitative associative method with simple random sampling on 100 eighth-grade students and linear regression analysis, the results indicate that, while both PAI reinforcement and student religious behavior are currently in the moderate category, there is a positive and significant influence with a 43.6% contribution (R Square) and a regression model of Y = 63.596 + 0.572X. The study concludes that engineering the school ecosystem based on behavioristic theory is effective for shaping daily Islamic character, recommending further research into external factors like family and community, as 56.4% of the variance lies outside this model.
The Effectiveness of the Eco Rocket Media-Assisted Inquiry Learning Model on Student Learning Outcomes
This research is based on the low participation and learning outcomes of students due to IPAS learning which is still dominated by lecture methods. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Eco Rocket-media-assisted guided inquiry learning model on student learning outcomes on Newton's Law III material in grade V of SDN Pengampelan. The research uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method (Quasi Experimental DeSign) in the form of a Nonequivalent Control Group DeSign. The study sample amounted to 52 students divided into VA class (experimental group, n=26) and VB class (control group, n=26), determined by saturated sampling technique. Data were collected through a multiple-choice test of 20 questions that had been tested for validity, reliability, difficulty, and differentiating power, and then analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, the Levene's Test homogeneity test, the N-Gain test, and the Independent Sample t-Test hypothesis test. The results showed that the average score of the experimental class increased from 57.88 (pretest) to 79.23 (posttest), with an N-Gain of 51.38% (medium category), while the control class only increased from 54.62 to 55.96, with an N-Gain of 5.41% (low category). The Independent Sample t-Test yields a Sig value. (2-tailed) of 0.000 (<0.05), so H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. It was concluded that the Eco Rocket-media-assisted guided inquiry learning model has proven to be effective and significantly improve student learning outcomes on Newton's III Law material compared to conventional learning.
Teacher Strategies for Managing Reading Instruction for Slow Learners in Inclusive Elementary School Classrooms
This study aims to describe the strategies employed by teachers to manage reading instruction for slow-learning students in inclusive elementary school classrooms. A qualitative, descriptive research approach was adopted. The study was conducted at SD Alam Mahira in Bengkulu City, involving the principal, a fourth-grade teacher, a shadow teacher, and slow-learning students as subjects. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and subsequently analyzed using the interactive analysis model developed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, which encompasses data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. Data validity was ensured through technique and source triangulation. The findings indicate that the teachers' strategies for managing reading instruction involved a series of interconnected stages: identifying students' initial abilities; formulating adaptive lesson plans; conducting instruction using the phonics method; utilizing concrete and visual learning media; implementing inclusive classroom management; providing individual support; fostering collaboration with shadow teachers; and carrying out continuous learning evaluations. These strategies enabled reading instruction to be tailored to the characteristics and learning needs of slow-learning students, thereby allowing them to participate actively alongside regular students. The study demonstrates that the success of reading instruction in inclusive classrooms depends on the teacher's ability to integrate various instructional strategies in an adaptive manner that centers on the students' needs.
Strategies of Christian Religious Education Teachers in Instilling Biblical Literacy Among Fourth-Grade Students at SDN 1 Panarung, Palangka Raya
This study aims to describe the strategy of Christian Religious Education teachers in instilling Bible literacy in grade IV students at SDN 1 Panarung Palangka Raya. This research is motivated by the low interest in reading the Bible among students, the lack of understanding of the content and message of the Bible, and the lack of optimal learning strategies applied by teachers in instilling Bible literacy. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the strategies used by Christian Education teachers include interactive storytelling methods, regular Bible reading habits, assignments through spiritual activity books, and assistance to students in understanding and applying biblical values in daily life. The cultivation of Bible literacy is carried out through the habit of reading the Bible before the study begins, providing an understanding of the content and message of the Bible, and the assignment of spiritual activities that support the habit of reading the Bible at home
Development of a Multimedia-Based Islamic Religious Education Learning Module at the Faculty of Fisheries, Andi Djemma University, Palopo
This study aims to develop a multimedia-based Islamic Religious Education learning module for students at the Faculty of Fisheries, Andi Djemma University, Palopo, in order to improve learning effectiveness, student engagement, and the integration of Islamic values with disciplinary knowledge. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach, involving stages of needs analysis, module design, development, expert validation, revision, implementation, and evaluation. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, observations, and learning outcome assessments involving lecturers, media experts, content experts, and students. The findings reveal that the developed multimedia-based module meets high standards of content accuracy, instructional design, media quality, and usability based on expert validation. Students responded positively to the module, demonstrating increased motivation, active participation, conceptual understanding, and satisfaction during the learning process. The integration of interactive multimedia elements, including videos, animations, images, quizzes, and case-based learning activities, enhanced students’ comprehension of Islamic Religious Education while fostering critical thinking and the practical application of Islamic values in academic and professional contexts. Furthermore, the module proved to be an effective learning resource that supports independent learning and technology-enhanced instruction in higher education. Therefore, the study concludes that multimedia-based Islamic Religious Education modules can significantly improve the quality of teaching and learning and are recommended for broader implementation across higher education institutions
The Role of Guidance and Counseling Teachers in Students' Career Planning Using the Career Tree at SMP Santo Aloysius Turi
This study examines the role of Guidance and Counseling (GC) teachers in supporting students’ career planning through the use of the Career Tree as a guidance medium at Santo Aloysius Turi Middle School. The research aims to explore how GC teachers facilitate students in recognizing their interests, talents, abilities, and future career aspirations while enhancing their career decision-making skills. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed, with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving Guidance and Counseling teachers and students. The findings indicate that the Career Tree serves as an interactive and student-centered guidance tool that encourages self-reflection, career exploration, and active participation in career planning activities. GC teachers play a significant role as facilitators, motivators, and counselors by providing career information, guiding self-assessment, and helping students connect their personal potential with educational and occupational opportunities. Furthermore, the implementation of the Career Tree improves students’ career awareness, confidence, and readiness to make informed educational and career decisions. Despite challenges such as limited guidance time and varying levels of student engagement, the innovative use of the Career Tree contributes positively to the effectiveness of career guidance services. Therefore, integrating creative guidance media into school counseling programs is recommended to strengthen students’ career planning competencies and support their long-term personal and professional development
Implementation of Teaching Module Development based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Chat GPT
This study examines the implementation of the Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based teaching module ChatGPT at SDN Batu Ampar 02, focusing on teachers' challenges in utilizing AI technology due to limited technical knowledge and supporting facilities. The aim is to explore how ChatGPT can improve the quality and innovation of teaching modules. The study used a descriptive qualitative method with primary data through interviews, observations, and documentation, as well as secondary data from related literature. The results show that teachers are able to develop teaching modules that are more creative, relevant, and adaptive to students' needs. The implementation of AI also accelerated the module design process and strengthened teachers' digital literacy. These findings emphasize the importance of AI training and utilization in elementary education.
An Analysis of Gender-Based Differences in Critical Thinking Skills in Geography Education through a Problem-Based Learning Approach
This study is motivated by the importance of instructional innovation in improving students’ learning outcomes in Geography, as well as the potential differences in academic achievement based on gender. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) was selected as it is considered effective in fostering critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaborative skills. This study aims to analyze gender-based differences in Geography learning outcomes at SMP Negeri 1 Gebang through the implementation of PBL. A quasi-experimental method with a nonequivalent control group design was employed. The participants were eighth-grade students, grouped by gender to compare their learning outcomes after experiencing PBL. The research instrument was a validated Geography achievement test. Data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test to determine significant differences between male and female students. The results indicate that PBL effectively improves students’ learning outcomes in Geography. However, a difference was found between male and female students, with female students achieving higher average scores, although both groups showed significant improvement. In conclusion, PBL is effective in enhancing Geography learning outcomes, and gender differences should be considered in designing more inclusive instructional strategies.
Strategy Council Religious Study Raudhatul Paradise in Cultivating Moderate Religious Attitudes among Students
Indonesia is wrong one from many country which multicultural in world, this matter of course caused, because Indonesia is country which own diverse variety race, ethnicity, language, religion, and culture. Study This aim for analyze strategy Council Raudhatul Jannah Study Group Jontak in grow attitude moderation religious students in Danger Village. The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data sources study consists of on data primary and data secondary. Collection Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis used data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. The results of the study indicate that the strategies implemented by Majlis Taklim Raudhatul Jannah were implemented through four main management functions: planning, organizing, actuating, and controlling. At the planning stage, program coaching designed with integrate. The values of religious moderation, such as tawassuth (religious tolerance), tawazun (compassion), i'tidal (compassion), and tasamuh (compassion). In the organizational stage, the Islamic study group (Majlis Taklim) involves administrators, religious teachers, community leaders, and guardians of students in the collaborative implementation of the program. The implementation stage is carried out through religious studies, habituation, role models, religious discussions, and social activities that encourage the internalization of the values of moderation in the students' lives. Meanwhile, monitoring and evaluation are carried out periodically to measure the development of students' attitudes and behavior and to increase the effectiveness of the development program. Thus, the implementation of an integrated Islamic boarding school management strategy can effectively foster an attitude of religious moderation among students.
Identifying Market-Driven Communication Competencies for English for Management Curriculum Development: An Exploratory Study
The increasing demand for workplace-ready graduates in today's globalized business environment has highlighted the need for higher education institutions, particularly English for Management (EfM) programs. This study aimed to identify market-driven communication competencies required by management graduates and examine their implications for curriculum development. An exploratory mixed-methods design was employed involving 22 industry practitioners, 11 academic stakeholders, and 50 Management students at Universitas Pendidikan Nasional. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and curriculum document analysis. Qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis, while quantitative data were examined using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed six essential communication competency domains: Professional Communication, Intercultural Communication, Leadership Communication, Customer Relations Communication, Digital Communication, and Negotiation and Problem-Solving Communication. The study also identified significant gaps between workplace expectations and existing curriculum provisions, particularly in digital, intercultural, customer relations, and negotiation competencies. The study concludes that a market-driven approach is necessary for EfM curriculum development. The proposed Bali Market-Driven English Communication Competency Framework (BM-ECCF) provides an evidence-based foundation for curriculum redesign aimed at enhancing graduate employability and workplace readiness.
Improving Students' IPAS Interest and Learning Outcomes Through Audio-Visual Aided Contextual Teaching
Traditional teacher-centered instruction often results in low student engagement and poor academic performance in elementary science and social studies (IPAS). This study aims to describe the implementation of the Audio-Visual aided Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) model and evaluate its effectiveness in improving student interest and learning outcomes at SDN Gedangsewu 1. The research employed a Classroom Action Research (PTK) design consisting of two cycles involving 24 fifth-grade students. Data were gathered through observation checklists for student interest and written tests for learning achievement, analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings revealed a significant increase in student interest, which rose from a baseline of 42.3% to 62.5% in Cycle I and reached 80.6% in Cycle II. Correspondingly, the class average for learning outcomes improved from 59.8 to 83.8, with classical completeness achieving 100% by the end of the second cycle. The results indicate that the integration of audio-visual media within a contextual framework effectively fosters a meaningful learning environment, successfully enhancing both student motivation and cognitive achievement in IPAS. This model is recommended for teachers seeking to make abstract concepts more concrete and relevant for elementary students.
Deep Learning to Improve IPAS Motivation and Learning Outcomes for Grade III Students
Problem Based Learning Assisted by Sangkar Bumi Props to Improve IPAS Learning Activity and Outcomes for Grade V Elementary School Students
Education is a cornerstone in shaping the future of the younger generation and a conscious effort to optimally develop individual potential. This study aimed to improve fifth-grade students’ learning outcomes in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) on Indonesia’s geographical location through the implementation of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by Sangkar Bumi teaching aids. This Classroom Action Research (CAR) employed the Kemmis and McTaggart spiral model, consisting of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. The participants were 32 fifth-grade students at SDN Pare 3, Kediri Regency. Data were collected through observation sheets, learning outcome documentation, and multiple-choice tests, then analyzed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods. The findings revealed that the PBL model assisted by Sangkar Bumi teaching aids effectively improved both the learning process and student achievement. The average learning outcome score increased from 60.31 in the pre-cycle (15.63% mastery) to 72.97 in Cycle I (50.00% mastery), and further to 83.84 in Cycle II with 100% classical mastery. Student learning activity also improved from 62.28% (Fair) in Cycle I to 87.61% (Very Good) in Cycle II, while teacher implementation increased from 71.43% to 92.86%. These results indicate that the PBL model supported by Sangkar Bumi teaching aids effectively enhances students’ engagement and learning outcomes in geographical location topics.
Transformation of Personal Prayer Spirituality amid Prayer Text Dependency in Christian Religious Education: A Case Study of Class X-10 at SMAN 4 Palangka Raya
This study is motivated by the phenomenon of prayer-text dependency among Christian students in Class X-10 of SMAN 4 Palangka Raya during Christian Religious Education (CRE) learning, evident in behaviors such as checking phones, reading written notes, and even writing prayer cues on their palms when asked to pray spontaneously. This study aims to describe the transformation process of students' personal prayer spirituality and to analyze how their dependency on written prayer texts influences that spiritual development. A qualitative case study approach was employed; data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and document study, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model, comprising data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the transformation of prayer spirituality unfolds through four stages: awareness of dependency, openness to change, habituation to praying without text, and internalization of prayer as an authentic spiritual need. The study also identifies five patterns of text dependency, shaped by pedagogical, psychological, digital-technological, and theological factors, with the CRE teacher's spiritual example proving to be the primary catalyst for change. This study concludes that holistic and transformative CRE learning can shift students' prayer practice from mechanical text-reliance toward authentic personal prayer, expressing a living relationship with God. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for CRE teachers in designing more contextual and transformative approaches to teaching prayer.
Teachers' Strategies in Developing Early Childhood Social Skills Through Play Activities
This study aims to describe teacher strategies in developing social skills of early childhood through play activities at RA Sonec Al Malik, Pinrang Regency, and to identify the obstacles faced by teachers in their implementation. Social skills represent a fundamental developmental aspect that needs to be stimulated from an early age, particularly through play-based activities appropriate to children's developmental characteristics. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with pedagogical and psychological perspectives. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving teachers and the school principal of RA Sonec Al Malik. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that teachers implement various strategies including role play, cooperative activities, structured group games, and open communication with parents. Obstacles encountered include differences in children's character and lack of home environmental support. This study concludes that well-planned and collaborative play strategies between teachers and parents can significantly optimize the development of social skills in early childhood.
Implementation of Islamic Values-Based Deep Learning Approach in Natural and Social Science Learning in Elementary Schools
This study is grounded in the importance of implementing a deep learning approach within the Merdeka Curriculum, which emphasizes not only conceptual mastery but also character formation, spiritual awareness, and meaningful learning experiences, particularly in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) instruction at the elementary level. This study aims to describe the planning, implementation, and evaluation of IPAS learning through a deep learning approach grounded in Islamic values, to analyze the forms and processes of integrating Islamic values into that learning, and to examine its impact on students' learning experiences, conceptual understanding, and Islamic character formation at SDN 003 North Bontang. A qualitative case-study approach was employed. Data were gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, then analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana comprising data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, with validity established through source, technique, and time triangulation as well as member checking. The findings show that deep learning was implemented systematically through the preparation of Deep Learning Lesson Plans (RPPM), the application of Problem Based Learning and Inquiry/Discovery Learning strategies, and meaningful reflection grounded in Islamic values; the integration of tawhid and akhlak values occurred at every stage of learning, from apperception to reflection, across the topics of the water cycle, light, the respiratory system, environmental preservation, and cultural heritage; and this implementation positively affected students' engagement, enthusiasm, conceptual understanding, problem-solving ability, and the strengthening of Islamic character traits such as responsibility, care, cooperation, tolerance, and gratitude. This study concludes that a deep learning approach grounded in Islamic values can produce IPAS instruction that is more meaningful, contextual, and reflective, and oriented toward the intellectual, spiritual, and character development of students.
The Impact on the STAD Cooperative Learning Method on Speaking Ability among Young English Language Learners
This study investigates the implementation of the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) cooperative learning method and its influence on young English language learners’ speaking ability in a primary school context. The introduction outlines the persistent challenges faced by students in developing speaking proficiency, including low confidence, limited vocabulary, and teacher-centered instructional practices. Using a qualitative case study design featuring an ex post facto perspective, data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with teachers and students, and documentation analysis at SD Bali Kiddy. The results show that STAD fosters a supportive, interactive learning environment that significantly enhances students’ speaking confidence, fluency, vocabulary use, and pronunciation. Heterogeneous grouping enables peer scaffolding, allowing lower-ability learners to benefit from modeling and corrective feedback from their peers. The study also identifies students’ positive emotional responses, including reduced anxiety and increased willingness to participate in oral activities
The Use of Canva Interactive Media to Motivate Students in ICT Learning in Elementary Schools in Bengkulu City
The development of information and communication technology encourages teachers to utilize digital learning media that can create a more interactive, engaging, and student-centered learning process. One of the media widely used in learning is Canva because it provides various visual features that support creative delivery of materials. This study aims to describe the use of Canva interactive media in motivating students in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) learning in grade III at SD Islam Al-Azhar 51 Bengkulu City and describe the advantages of Canva interactive media in supporting the learning process. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation involving the principal, ICT subject teachers, and grade III students as research informants. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, while data validity was obtained through source triangulation and technical triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the use of Canva interactive media was carried out through the planning, implementation, and evaluation stages of learning. Teachers utilize Canva's various features, such as templates, images, animations, illustrations, icons, and interactive presentations, to present material in a more engaging manner, encouraging students to demonstrate attention, interest, engagement, and enthusiasm throughout the learning process. Furthermore, Canva offers advantages such as ease of use, attractive visuals, flexible access, and supports teachers in developing creative, innovative, and student-centered learning media. The use of Canva's interactive media provides a more engaging learning experience, making it an alternative digital learning medium for ICT instruction in elementary schools.
Design and Construction of a Coconut Coir Chopping Machine Based on a Three-Phase Induction Motor with Frequency Variation for Cocofiber Quality Optimization
Coconut coir is an abundant by-product of coconut processing that remains underutilized, particularly in Bahodopi District, Morowali Regency. Coir chopping is still carried out manually, which is time- and labor-intensive and produces uneven results. This study aims to design and build a robust, easy-to-operate coconut coir chopping machine capable of efficiently converting coir into cocofiber. The engineering method was applied, comprising literature study, design using SolidWorks, frame strength simulation, material selection, assembly, and testing. The machine is driven by a three-phase induction motor (1400 rpm, 50 Hz) equipped with an inverter, allowing the blade rotation speed to be varied at 15, 30, and 50 Hz. Testing used approximately 3 kg of dry coir for each variation. The results show that the machine can chop coir at a capacity of 180 kg/hour, with the best result—fine and even—obtained at 30 Hz. Static simulation of the frame under an 800 kgf load produced a maximum stress of 374.421 MPa and a minimum safety factor of 0.939, indicating the need to reinforce the critical points of the frame. This machine is expected to help the Bahodopi community process coir more easily and to create new economic opportunities
Implementation of Performance Assessment in Guitar Instruction within Music Education
Music education requires assessment practices that can authentically measure students' practical performance skills. This study aims to describe the implementation of performance assessment in guitar instruction for Grade X Accounting and Financial Institution (AKL 1) students at SMK Negeri 1 Brebes. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis, including the Learning Objectives Flow (ATP), Learning Objectives Achievement Criteria (KKTP), teaching modules, assessment rubrics, students' achievement records, and instructional documentation. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, while data trustworthiness was established through source and methodological triangulation. The findings indicate that the implementation of performance assessment encompasses four interconnected stages: assessment planning, instrument development, assessment implementation, and utilization of assessment results. The assessment employed an analytic rubric evaluating students' guitar playing techniques, chord accuracy, tempo and rhythm, as well as musical expression and stage performance. Performance assessment was conducted through both individual and group practical performances, and the results were utilized to support remedial instruction, enrichment activities, and the determination of final grades. The findings further demonstrate that performance assessment provides an authentic representation of students' progress in developing guitar performance skills.
Strategies of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Preventing Bullying Behavior in Elementary Schools: A Case Study at SDN 005 Bontang Selatan
Bullying behavior among elementary school students remains a pressing educational concern because of its direct impact on students’ sense of security, self-confidence, learning motivation, and mental development. This study aims to identify the forms of bullying behavior, analyze its implications for students’ learning mentality, and uncover the strategies employed by Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers in preventing, addressing, and minimizing bullying at SDN 005 Bontang Selatan. A qualitative case study design was employed, informed by theological, pedagogical, and psychological paradigms. Primary data were obtained from the principal, PAI teacher, and classroom teacher through observation, semi-structured interviews, and document study, analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with validity established through source and method triangulation. The findings reveal that bullying manifests in verbal, social/relational, mild physical, and non-verbal forms, contributing to diminished feelings of safety, self-esteem, motivation, and classroom climate. PAI teachers implement layered strategies that are preventive, curative, educational, collaborative, and disciplinary, positioning themselves as educators, role models, counselors, motivators, mediators, and collaborators. This study contributes novel insight into the PAI teacher’s role as an “empathy catalyst” and identifies the phenomenon of “joke-bullying,” which requires deliberate deconstruction of students’ perceptions of humor. These findings offer theoretical and practical contributions toward developing an Islamic character education model for bullying prevention in elementary schools.
Development of Student Worksheets (LKPD) Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Mathematics Learning for Grade IV Students of Elementary School
In general, education can be interpreted as an activity to learn the knowledge, abilities, and habits of a group of people that are passed down from one generation to the next through teaching, practice, and research methods. This study aims to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Development of Student Worksheets (LKPD) Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) in Mathematics Learning for Fourth Grade Students of SD Negeri 2 Sukamana. Data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques in the study were analyzed descriptively qualitatively. This study is a Research and Development (R&D) study using a 4-D development model, which consists of the stages of defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. The subjects of this study were 26 fourth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Sukamana. Data were collected using a validation questionnaire, a practicality questionnaire, and learning outcome tests in the form of pre-tests and post-tests. The results showed that the developed LKPD had a high level of validity, with a score of 0.92 from language experts, 0.86 from media experts, and 0.94 from material experts with an overall average of 0.90 which is included in the "very valid" category. Practicality by teachers showed a percentage of 96% and small group trials of 86.6%, with an overall average practicality of 91%. The pre-test results showed an average score of 40.42%, and the post-test increased to 94.46%. The N-Gain score obtained was 0.90%, which is in the "Very High" category. Based on this, it can be concluded that the development of student worksheets (LKPD) is very valid, practical, and effective for use in the learning process.
Implementation of the Storytelling Learning Model Assisted by Flashcard Media to Develop Speaking Skills of Fourth Grade Elementary School Students
Basic education has an important role in developing students' academic abilities and language skills. This study aims to analyze the influence of the storytelling learning model assisted by flashcard media on the speaking skills of grade IV students of SDN Beberan 2. The research approach method used is quantitative with the type of associative research. The research sample amounted to 36 students who were selected using saturated sampling techniques. Data collection techniques include observation, speaking skills tests, and questionnaires. Data analysis was carried out through validity, reliability, normality tests, paired sample t-test, and N-Gain tests. The results of the study showed an improvement in students' speaking skills after the application of the storytelling learning model assisted by flashcard media. The average pretest score of 45.97 increased to 83.61 in the posttest. The results of the paired sample t-test showed a significance of 0.000 < 0.05 which means there was a significant difference before and after treatment. Thus, the storytelling learning model assisted by flashcard media has been proven to be influential in improving the speaking skills of grade IV students of SDN Beberan 2.
The Effectiveness of Using Canva as a Learning Medium in Improving High School Students' Learning Outcomes
Digital transformation in education requires innovative instructional media that can improve student learning outcomes, including Canva as an interactive visual platform. This study examined the effectiveness of Canva in improving the learning outcomes of Grade XI students in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) at SMA Negeri 1 Hutaraja Tinggi. A quantitative approach with a pretest-posttest control group design was employed. The sample comprised 40 students, with 20 students in the experimental class and 20 in the control class. Data were analyzed using normalized gain (N-Gain). The findings revealed a clear difference between the two groups. The experimental class achieved a mean N-Gain of 85.38%, categorized as high, whereas the control class achieved 69.81%, categorized as moderate. These findings indicate that Canva is effective in improving students' learning outcomes. The study provides practical implications for teachers seeking to develop more interactive and engaging digital instructional media, particularly for ICT instruction at the senior high school level.
The Role Of Islamic Religious Education Teachers In Improving The Spiritual Intelligence Of Students In Elementary School (Case Study at SDN 003 North Bontang, East Kalimantan)
Education is directed not only toward cognitive strengthening but also toward the development of religious-spiritual strength, self-control, and noble character, positioning spiritual intelligence as a central aim of Islamic Religious Education (IRE) in elementary schools. This study aims to describe the condition of students’ spiritual intelligence, to analyze the role of IRE teachers in enhancing that intelligence, and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors of that role at SDN 003 North Bontang. A qualitative case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the principal, the vice-principal for curriculum, IRE teachers, classroom teachers, and students, complemented by participatory observation and documentation study. Data validity was established through source, technique, and time triangulation, while data were analyzed using data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that students’ spiritual intelligence is evident in their awareness of worship, honesty, patience, empathy toward others, and the ability to derive meaning from life events, although development remains uneven across students. IRE teachers function as educators, role models, motivators, guides, and evaluators through meaningful instruction, exemplary worship practice, reinforcement of intrinsic motivation, personal guidance, and consistent religious habituation. Supporting factors include religious habituation programs, curricular support, and school-wide collaboration, whereas inhibiting factors include differences in family background, limited instructional time, and the influence of gadgets and out-of-school peer environments. The study confirms that students’ spiritual intelligence develops through a triadic pattern of meaningful learning, teacher exemplarity, and sustained school-culture habituation.
The Effect of Using Loose Part Media on Early Literacy Skills of 4-5 Year Old Children
Early childhood is a child who has an age range from 0 to 6 years. Early life only comes once in every person's life stages. So, the existence of early age should not be wasted. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of loose part media on the early literacy ability of children aged 4-5 years at Al Raudah Samarinda Kindergarten. This type of research is quantitative with a pre-experimental approach method with a one-group pretest-posttest design research model. The subjects of this study are 19 students of Al Raudah Samarinda Kindergarten. The research instruments used include tests from pretest and posttest observation sheets in the form of statement instruments equipped with documentation. The data analysis technique used is data obtained from the N-Gain test. The results showed that the N-Gain test > 0.7 with a percentage of 0.83 or included in the high category, which means that the loose part media for children's early literacy ability is in the effective category. Thus, it means that there is an increase in effectiveness between pretest and posttest so that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected, meaning that there is an effect of the use of loose part media on early literacy ability in children aged 4-5 years at Al Raudah Samarinda Kindergarten.
The Representation of the Seven Elements of Culture in the Novel Janji di Tanah Jawa by Agil Sri Rahayu
This study aims to describe the representation of seven cultural elements in the novel Janji di Tanah Jawa by Agil Sri Rahayu based on the concept of seven cultural elements according to Koentjaraningrat. The study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method in interdisciplinary comparative literary studies. The research data source is the novel Janji di Tanah Jawa by Agil Sri Rahayu, while the research data are in the form of quotations that represent cultural elements. Data collection techniques are carried out through intensive reading activities, recording, classifying, and documenting data, while data analysis is carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the novel completely represents the seven cultural elements according to Koentjaraningrat, namely (1) language shown through the use of Javanese krama as a marker of politeness and social stratification; (2) a knowledge system depicted through the use of plants as traditional medicine; (3) social organization that shows social stratification, position, and division of roles in society; (4) a system of living equipment and technology reflected in the use of horse-drawn carriages, traditional writing tools, and traditional clothing; (5) a livelihood system realized through plantation activities, trade, and agricultural processing; (6) a religious system that displays a blend of Islamic teachings with beliefs in ancestors, dreams, and the Javanese calendar; and (7) art represented through gamelan as a traditional Javanese musical art. The research findings show that the novel Janji di Tanah Jawa not only functions as a literary work, but also as a medium for representation and preservation of Javanese culture that shows the close relationship between literary works and the socio-cultural realities of society.
The Influence of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) Type Cooperative Learning Model on the Mathematical Understanding Ability and Mathematical Attitude of Students
Mathematical comprehension skills and mathematical attitudes are two important aspects of mathematics learning; however, observations at MTs Wahid Hasyim Sukosari Kunir indicate that both aspects remain relatively low as a result of teaching that tends to be teacher-centered. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how students' mathematics attitudes and understanding abilities are affected by the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning approach. This study used a quantitative methodology with a quasi-experimental design more precisely, a Nonequivalent Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The study population consisted of 41 seventh-grade students, all of whom were included in the sample through saturation sampling, comprising 21 students in the experimental class and 20 students in the control class. Data were collected using a mathematical comprehension test and a mathematical attitude questionnaire that met validity and reliability criteria, and were then analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality tests, homogeneity tests, and an independent samples t-test. With a significance value (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05 for both variables, the study's findings show that the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning model significantly affects students' mathematical attitudes and comprehension. As a result, the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning model works well as an alternate teaching strategy for raising students' mathematical attitudes and comprehension.
Organizational Behavior Dynamics and Governance Effectiveness in the Transformation of Educational Management
This article discusses the concept of organization and organizational behavior in the context of educational organization management. Organization is understood as a structured social unit, consisting of individuals who work together consciously to achieve common goals. In the world of education, organizations play an important role in organizing effective, efficient, and directed learning processes. Meanwhile, organizational behavior is a study of how individuals, groups, and organizational structures interact with each other and influence the effectiveness and productivity of the organization. This article highlights the elements of the organization, the goals and benefits of the organization, and the dynamics of organizational behavior such as motivation, leadership, and organizational culture. In addition, opportunities and challenges such as workforce diversity, innovation, and the importance of ethics in organizational behavior are also discussed. A deep understanding of this concept is expected to help improve the quality of educational institution management and create a conducive and productive work environment
Implementation of the Drill Method Using the High Lob Throw to Improve 7-Meter Pointing Results for Petanque Athletes
This study aimed to determine the effect of applying the drill training method using high lob throws on improving the 7 meter pointing performance of pétanque athletes from Musi Rawas Regency. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi experimental design using a one-group pre-test and post-test design. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-wilk normality test and the paired sample t-test with SPSS version 25. The results indicated that the data were normally distributed, with significance values of 0.125 for the pre-test and 0.172 for the post-test (Sig.> 0.05) the hypothesis test showed a t-value of 21-879 with a Sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. The traning program also improved athletes’motor skills through the development of muscle memory, better control of throwing force, greater accuracy of ball trajectory and landing point, as well as enhanced focus concentrarion, emotional stability, and self-confidence. Therefore, the drill training method using high lob throws was proven to be effective in improving the 7 meter pointing athletes from Musi Rawas Regency.
The Efforts of the Christian Religious Education Teacher in Using Short Film Audiovisual Media to Teach Grade V Students
This study aimed to describe the efforts of the Christian Religious Education teacher in using short-film audiovisual media to teach Grade V students at SDN 6 Pahandut and to identify the supporting and inhibiting factors influencing its implementation. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach involving the Christian Religious Education teacher and Grade V students as research participants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, while the credibility of the findings was ensured through source and technique triangulation. The findings revealed that the teacher made systematic efforts by planning lessons carefully, selecting appropriate short-film audiovisual media, facilitating classroom discussions, encouraging student reflection, and relating biblical teachings to students' daily experiences. These instructional practices enhanced students' learning motivation, classroom participation, understanding of biblical values, and Christian character development. The study also identified several supporting factors, including the teacher's pedagogical competence, the availability of technological facilities, school support, collaborative professional practices, and students' enthusiasm for multimedia learning. The study concludes that the effective use of short-film audiovisual media in Christian Religious Education depends not only on the availability of technology but also on teachers' instructional competence, creativity, careful lesson planning, and continuous institutional support to create meaningful, student-centered, and technology-enhanced learning experiences.
The Influence of Storytelling Methods on Early Childhood Expressive Language Skills
Early childhood education is a level of education before basic education which is a coaching effort aimed at children from birth to the age of six. This study aims to determine the influence of storytelling methods on early childhood expressive language skills. The research method used is experimental. The sampling technique uses a pre-experimental design while the data collection technique is in the form of an initial test (pretest), treatment and final test (posttest). The sample in the study consisted of 9 children, consisting of 5 girls and 4 boys. Based on the results of the n-gain calculation, which is a normalized gain of 0.6 < 0.7 with a percentage of 0.60 or 60.80. It is included in the medium category, which means that the method of storytelling for early childhood expressive language skills is included in the category of quite effective. This study shows that the ability of expressive language in children such as children's ability to answer more complex questions, children's ability to group pictures in storybooks, the ability to communicate orally by having vocabulary, and the ability to express opinions in simple sentences and also retell the content of the story.
Style and Meaning in Rhoma Irama's Song Lyrics and Their Relevance as Indonesian Language Learning Materials: A Stylistic Study
Literary works are a medium of expression that utilizes language as the primary means of conveying ideas, feelings, and life values. This study aims to analyze the language styles and meanings found in the song lyrics of Rhoma Irama and to examine their relevance as learning materials for Indonesian language education. The research employed a qualitative approach using content analysis methods. The data consisted of the song lyrics Begadang, Keramat, and Judi, which were analyzed based on the use of figurative language and meaning. Data collection techniques included observation, note-taking, and documentation. The findings reveal that the lyrics contain various language styles such as repetition, metaphor, hyperbole, and imperative expressions used systematically to strengthen the message conveyed. The meanings identified include both denotative and connotative meanings related to moral and social values. Furthermore, the song lyrics have strong potential as contextual learning materials because they help students understand language styles and meanings in real-life contexts while also increasing students’ interest in learning.
TBLT -Based Active Speaking Textbook Design to Improve Speaking Ability of PAI Students
This study aims to design an Active Speaking textbook based on Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) to enhance the speaking skills of Islamic Education (PAI) students at IAIDU Asahan. The TBLT approach promotes the use of authentic and meaningful tasks that reflect real-life communication, encouraging active participation, collaboration, and practical language use. However, the limited availability of contextual learning materials and the continued reliance on conventional teaching methods have hindered the development of students' speaking competence. To address these challenges, the textbook was developed using the ADDIE instructional design model , which consists of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The study involved identifying students' learning needs, designing the instructional materials, and evaluating the effectiveness of the textbook in improving English-speaking proficiency. The findings are expected to demonstrate that the TBLT-based Active Speaking textbook effectively enhances students' speaking skills by providing authentic communicative tasks and interactive learning experiences. Furthermore, the developed textbook contributes to the advancement of innovative, relevant, and practice-oriented English language instruction, enabling students to communicate, interact, and collaborate effectively in both academic and global contexts. Keywords: Active Speaking Textbook Design, TBLT, ADDIE Model, Speaking Skills, Islamic Education Students, IAIDU Asahan.
Exploring the Implementation of Project-Based Learning in Primary English Classrooms: Insights from Teachers’ and Students’ Perspectives
The implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in primary English classrooms is important to investigate because it enhances students’ motivation and engagement despite challenges in instructional practices and assessment. This study aims to explore the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in primary English classrooms, focusing on planning, implementation, assessment, and the perceptions of teachers and students. This research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design conducted at Bali Kiddy Primary School. The participants consisted of English teachers and fifth-grade students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, documentation, and self-reflection journals, and analyzed using the interactive model of data analysis, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that PjBL has been implemented with several strengths, particularly in enhancing student motivation, engagement, collaboration, and confidence in using English. Students actively participated in group work and showed positive attitudes toward learning through projects. However, several challenges were identified, including limited alignment in lesson planning, unclear instructional guidance, time constraints, and assessment practices that focus more on final products rather than learning processes. Project-Based Learning has strong potential to improve English learning at the primary level by creating meaningful and student-centered learning experiences. Nevertheless, improvements in planning, instructional clarity, and comprehensive assessment strategies are necessary to optimize its implementation
The Effect Of Monthly Budget Use And Saving Habits On Generation Z's Personal Fund Management
This study aims to analyze the influence of monthly budgeting and saving habits on personal financial management in Generation Z. Personal financial management is an important aspect for Generation Z because this age group is faced with various consumer needs and the development of digital technology that influences financial spending patterns. The use of a monthly budget is understood as an individual's ability to plan and manage income and expenses in a structured manner, while saving habits are defined as the behavior of setting aside a portion of income regularly for future needs. This study uses a quantitative method with data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires to Generation Z respondents from various educational and occupational backgrounds. The data obtained were analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and coefficients of determination. The results show that the use of a monthly budget and saving habits have a positive and significant effect on personal financial management of Generation Z. Thus, the better the ability to prepare a monthly budget and the more consistent the saving habits, the better the personal financial management carried out by Generation Z
Reconstructing the Islamization of Science to Address Critical Issues in Modern Education
The rapid advancement of science and technology has transformed modern education while simultaneously creating critical challenges related to ethical degradation, epistemological dualism, technological disruption, and the declining integration of moral and spiritual values within educational systems. This study aims to reconstruct the Islamization of science as a contemporary educational paradigm capable of addressing these challenges through the integration of revelation, reason, and empirical scientific inquiry. The study employed a qualitative library research design using a conceptual and analytical approach. Data were collected from classical Islamic scholarship, contemporary books, and peer-reviewed journal articles published primarily between 2020 and 2025. The literature was analyzed using qualitative content analysis through data reduction, thematic categorization, interpretation, and synthesis to formulate an integrative framework for the reconstruction of the Islamization of science. The findings indicate that reconstructing the Islamization of science extends beyond philosophical discourse by providing practical implications for curriculum development, pedagogical innovation, digital literacy, ethical scientific research, and institutional leadership. The reconstructed framework promotes a holistic educational model that integrates scientific competence with ethical responsibility, spiritual awareness, environmental stewardship, and social justice. Furthermore, it encourages interdisciplinary collaboration and responsible technological innovation while preserving scientific rigor and academic excellence. The study concludes that the reconstruction of the Islamization of science offers a sustainable educational paradigm capable of producing graduates who are intellectually competent, morally responsible, spiritually grounded, and globally competitive in addressing the increasingly complex challenges of the twenty-first century.
Implementation of the Think Pair Share (TPS) Learning Model with the Assistance of Powerpoint Media in Science Learning for Fifth Grade Elementary School Students
Learning is an interactive process between students, educators, and the learning environment to acquire knowledge, skills, understanding, and shape behavior changes according to learning goals. This study aims to determine the application of the Think Pair Share (TPS) learning model with the help of PowerPoint (PPT) media in science learning for fifth-grade students of SD Negeri I Pedang. This study uses a quantitative approach with the Pre-Experiment Design method and One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population and sample in this study amounted to 14 fifth-grade students of SD Negeri I Pedang, determined by saturated sampling techniques. Data collection techniques used include observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. Data analysis was carried out to determine student learning outcomes through calculating the average, standard deviation, normality testing using the Chi-Square test, and hypothesis testing using the T test at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the average pre-test score of students was 50, increasing to 81.35 in the post-test. The results of the hypothesis test obtained Thitung ≥ Ttabel (6.41 ≥ 1.77) so that Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the application of the Think Pair Share (TPS) learning model with the assistance of PowerPoint (PPT) media in science learning for class V of SD Negeri I Pedang can be implemented well and is significantly able to achieve the Learning Objective Achievement Criteria (KKTP).
The The Effect of Interactive Mathematics Learning Media to Improve Students' Learning Independence
Learning independence is one of the important abilities that students must have in learning mathematics. However, the level of student learning independence still needs to be improved through the use of innovative learning media. This study aims to determine the effect of interactive mathematics learning media on student learning independence. This study used a quantitative approach with a One Group Pretest–Posttest design. The research sample consisted of 15 students of the Mathematics Education Study Program, Nahdlatul Ulama University, Lampung. Data were collected using a learning independence questionnaire consisting of 25 statements. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, N-Gain, and Effect Size (Cohen's d). The results showed that all indicators of learning independence increased after the use of interactive learning media. The N-Gain value of 0.5198 is included in the moderate category, while the Effect Size value indicates a large influence. Thus, interactive mathematics learning media is effective for improving student learning independence.
Improving Students' Reading Skills Through the Use of the Storytelling Method in Elementary School Students
One of the basic competencies that must be developed in elementary school is language skills which include listening, speaking, reading, and writing. This study aims to improve students' reading skills through the use of the storytelling method in grade III students at SDN 42 Limpomajang, Palopo City. This type of research is class action research (PTK). The subjects in this study are grade III students totaling 10 students. The research instruments used were reading tests, observation of learning implementation, and observation of student activities. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive. The results of the study show that the average test score on students' reading skills increased through the use of the storytelling method in grade III of SDN 42 Limpomajang, Palopo City, where the increase that occurred from cycle I to cycle II was 20% This is evidenced by the results of the research where the first cycle obtained student learning outcomes by 60% and the second cycle obtained learning outcomes by 80%.
Comparative Analysis of the Influence of Verbal and Nonverbal Reprimands in Enforcing Discipline of Grade VI Students
Financial Performance represents the achievement of an entity's overall operational activities measured through financial indicators within a specific period. This research aims to comparatively analyze the effect of verbal and nonverbal reprimands on enforcing student discipline in Grade VI at SDN 6 Masbagik Selatan. Employing a quantitative associative and comparative approach, this study involved a sample of 35 students selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected via questionnaires using a 4-point Likert scale, observation, and documentation. The data analysis included validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²). The findings reveal that verbal reprimands have a positive and significant effect on student discipline (t-count = 3.218 > t-table = 2.037), as explicit verbal communication provides clear stimuli for behavior correction. Conversely, nonverbal reprimands do not significantly affect discipline (t-count = -1.084 < t-table = 2.037), largely due to elementary students' limitations in interpreting symbolic or implicit gestures. Simultaneously, both variables account for a 52.5% variance in student discipline. The study concludes that educators should prioritize constructive verbal reprimands while utilizing nonverbal cues only assupplementary reinforcements to effectively foster student discipline.
Islamic Guidance and Counseling in the Digital Era: Strategies to Strengthen the Mental Health and Spirituality of the Younger Generation
The development of digital technology has brought major changes to communication patterns, social behavior, and the psychological condition of society, particularly the younger generation. Easier access to information and social networks offers considerable benefits, yet it also gives rise to problems such as anxiety, identity crisis, loneliness, digital addiction, and the erosion of spiritual values. This article aims to examine the role and strategies of Islamic guidance and counseling in responding to the mental health and spiritual challenges of young people in the digital era. This study employs a qualitative approach using the library research method on classical and contemporary literature relevant to Islamic guidance and counseling, Islamic psychology, and digital social phenomena. The findings show that Islamic guidance and counseling remain highly relevant through the integration of Qur'anic and Hadith values with modern counseling approaches, the utilization of digital media as a da'wah medium, character strengthening, and synergy among families, educational institutions, and religious counselors. This article is expected to serve as both an academic and practical reference for counselors, religious counselors, and Islamic educators in designing guidance models that are adaptive to the times.
Peningkatan Kreativitas Siswa Dengan Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Melalui Project Based Learning Kelas III B SDN 231 Padang Assompereng Kabupaten Luwu)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan kreativitas siswa melaluipenerapan model pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) dengan pemanfaatanbarang bekas pada siswa kelas III B SDN 231 Padang Assompereng Kabupaten Luwu. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalamdua siklus, meliputi tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi dan tes dengan instrumen berupalembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, lembar observasi aktivitas siswa, dan lembar penilaian kreativitas siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptifkuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) melalui pemanfaatan barang bekas mampu meningkatkan kreativitassiswa secara signifikan. Pada Siklus I, ketuntasan kreativitas mencapai 62% (13 siswa) dengan nilai rata-rata 69, sehingga indikator keberhasilan belum tercapai. Setelahdilakukan perbaikan pembelajaran pada Siklus II, ketuntasan meningkat menjadi 100% dengan nilai rata-rata 84, menunjukkan seluruh siswa telah mencapai indikatorkeberhasilan pada kategori sangat kreatif. Dengan demikian, penerapan model Project Based Learning (PjBL) melalui pemanfaatan barang bekas efektif dalam meningkatkankreativitas siswa kelas III B SDN 231 Padang Assompereng Kabupaten Luwu.
The Implementation of Discipline in Fostering a Sense of Responsibility in Children Aged 5–6 Years in Class K5B at Shining Kids School, Palangka Raya City
Social Competence of Islamic Religious Education Teachers in Shaping the Honest Character of Elementary School Students
This study is grounded in the persistence of dishonest behavior among elementary school students, such as cheating, concealing mistakes, and manipulating information, while the social interaction of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers has not been fully dialogic, empathetic, and well directed. This study aims to describe the level of PAI teachers' social competence, analyze the process of shaping students' honest character, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and formulate the role of PAI teachers' social competence in shaping students' honest character at SDN 002 North Bontang. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with the principal, homeroom teachers, PAI teachers, and fourth-to-sixth grade students, as well as documentation study. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with validity tested through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The findings show that PAI teachers' social competence is reflected in five dimensions: communicative, collaborative, adaptive, participatory, and relational abilities. These dimensions significantly contribute to shaping students' honesty in speech, action, learning, trustworthiness, and awareness of divine supervision. The main supporting factors include teacher role modeling, principal support, parental collaboration, and students' spiritual awareness, while inhibiting factors include limited time, peer influence, and digital-era challenges. This study affirms that strengthening honest character requires sustained synergy among schools, teachers, and families.
The Improving Reading Literacy through the GUIDED READING Learning Model of Indonesian Language Subjects in Elementary School Students
The classroom action research conducted by this study aims to solve the problem of students' lack of reading literacy by using the guided reading learning model in grade II students at SDN 42 Limpomajang, Palopo City. The subjects of this study were 10 students with details of 5 male students and 5 female students. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive. Based on the test results obtained by applying the guided reading learning model, it is proven to be able to increase students' reading literacy. This is proven to meet the success indicators, namely 90% of students or 9 out of 10 students get a score of ≥73 in accordance with the KKTP. In addition, student learning activities are classified as very active and the implementation of learning is also in the category of very implemented. Since the success indicators have been achieved in cycle I, the research is not continued to the next cycle. Thus, the implementation of the Gided Reading learning model was declared successful in improving students' reading literacy.
Optimizing Student-Centered Learning to Enhance Student Engagement in Christian Religious Education Classes (Grade X) at SMKN 2 Palangka Raya
Improving Students' Speaking Skills Through the Use of the ROLEPLAYING Learning Model in Elementary School Students
Indonesian is a subject that plays an important role in developing students' language skills, including listening, speaking, reading, and writing. This study aims to improve students' speaking skills through the use of the Role Playing learning model in grade IV students at SDN 42 Limpomajang, Palopo City. This type of research is class action research (PTK). The subjects in this study are grade IV students totaling 10 students. The research instruments used were speech skills performance tests, observation of learning implementation, and observation of student activities. The data analysis technique used is descriptive quantitative. The results of the study showed that the average test score on students' speaking skills increased through the use of the role playing learning model in grade IV of SDN 42 Limpomajang, Palopo City, where the increase that occurred from cycle I to cycle II was 20%. This is evidenced by the results of the research where the first cycle obtained 60% of student learning outcomes and the second cycle obtained 80% of the learning outcomes. The learning implementation process showed an increase where the average value of the percentage of learning implementation was 91.25% (Very Good) in the first cycle to 100% (Very Good), which was accompanied by an increase in student activities to reach the very active category.
The Moral View of Islamic Education in the Book "Religious Logic: The Position of Revelation and the Limits of Reason in Islam" by M. Quraish Shihab
The moral decline among students in the modern era shows the importance of strengthening moral education based on Islamic values. One of the fundamental problems in Islamic moral education is the relationship between revelation and reason as a source of determining moral values. This research aims to find out and describe how the moral view of Islamic education in the book of religious logic. This research uses a philosophy of religion approach with the type of library research. The primary data source is in the form of the book Religious Logic by M. Quraish Shihab, while secondary data is obtained from various relevant books, journals, and literature. The data collection technique was carried out through documentation studies and literature review. Data analysis uses the content analysis method. The results of the study show that the morality of Islamic education is built on a harmonious relationship between revelation and reason. Revelation is positioned as the main source of moral values, while reason functions to understand, develop, and actualize these values in life. The findings of the study reveal five main aspects, namely revelation-based morality, the role of reason in moral formation, the integration of revelation and reason, education as a means of character formation, and the relevance of Islamic morality to modern challenges. M. Quraish Shihab's thinking offers an integrative, moderate, and contextual moral education paradigm, so that it is able to answer the needs of Islamic education in forming students who are moral, critical, and responsible.
Analysis of Grade X MA Students’ Mathematical Difficulties in Solving SPLTV Contextual Problems through Group Discussion
Students’ mathematical difficulties in solving contaxtual problems on the topic of Systems of Linear Equations with Three Variables (SPLTV) remain an issue theat requires further study, particularly as viewed through the lens of the group discussion process undertaken by students. This study aims to analyze the types and characteristics of mathematical difficulties experienced by 10th-grade students in solving contextual problems involving SPLTV, as observed through homogeneous and hererogeneous group discussions. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with 21 student from MA Hasyim Asy’ari Lbruk Kidul Lumajang as subjects, divide into six discussion groups: three homogeneous groups (low, moderate, and high difficulties categories) and three heterogeneous group. Data were collected through the Contextual Probblem Solving (TPK), in depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and were then analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that students experienced three types of mathematical difficulties: conceptual, procedural, and representational. The group with active discussion experienced only mild representational difficulties, where as the group categorized as having high difficulty scores-whose discussions were less active-experienced all three types of difficulties are more influenced by the quality of their enggagement in group discussions than by their initial ability categories; thus,active group discussions play a crucial role in reducing students’ mathematical difficulties with the SPLTV matrial.
Improving Student Learning Outcomes through the Use of the PQ4R Method Assisted by Powtoon Animation Video Media in Social Science Learning
Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) is a course that is the result of the integration of Natural Sciences (IPA) and Social Sciences (IPS) which aims to help students understand the relationship between the natural and social environment in an integrated manner. This study aims to describe the improvement of learning outcomes of science students in grade IV of SDN 188 Barru, Barru Regency through the application of the PQ4R method assisted by Powtoon animation video media. This research is a Class Action (PTK) research conducted in Binuang Village, Balusu District, Barru Regency. The research subjects amounted to 9 students in grade IV. Data was collected through observation tests and learning outcomes using instruments in the form of observation sheets for learning implementation, observation sheets for student activities, and learning outcome tests. The results of the study showed an increase in learning implementation, student activities, and learning outcomes in each cycle. In Cycle I, the implementation of learning and student activities each reached 83% with the very good category, while the completeness of learning outcomes reached 33% with an average score of 56 (low category). After improvements were made in Cycle II, the implementation of learning and student activities increased to 97.3% with the very good category, while the completeness of learning outcomes increased to 77% with an average score of 74 (high category). Thus, the application of the PQ4R method fostered by Powtoon animation video media has been proven to improve the learning outcomes of fourth grade IPAS students of SDN 188 Barru, Barru Regency.
The Impact of Interpersonal Communication and Organizational Climate on Early Childhood Education Teacher Performance: A Path Analysis in Pandeglang Regency
This study aims to comprehensively analyze and describe the impact of interpersonal communication and organizational climate on the performance of Early Childhood Education (PAUD) teachers in the Pandeglang region. This study departs from the urgency of understanding how interactions between educators and perceptions of the work environment can influence professionalism and work effectiveness. By adopting a causal associative quantitative research design, this study uses path analysis techniques to examine the relationship between variables. The study population involved 102 PAUD teacher respondents selected through cluster random sampling techniques. All data collected using survey instruments were analyzed and analyzed in depth using the Analysis of Moment Structural (AMOS) program version 21. The results show that there is a direct and significant influence of interpersonal communication on organizational climate, as well as a positive influence of organizational climate on the performance of PAUD teachers in the Pandeglang region. Empirical findings confirm that organizational climate plays a major role in achieving performance, with a correlation coefficient of 0.612 and a path coefficient of 0.442. This indicates that the synergy between open interpersonal communication and a conducive organizational climate is a fundamental prerequisite for improving educator professionalism. Managerial transformation based on strengthening the work climate has been proven to create a more productive and competitive educational environment.
Developing Science Picture Cards for Conceptual Understanding in 5-6 Year Old Children
This study is motivated by the low level of science concept understanding among children aged 5–6 years due to the dominance of teacher-centered and verbalistic learning approaches. The main objective of this research is to develop a constructivism-based picture card media that is effective in improving children’s understanding of science concepts. The method employed is Research and Development (R&D) using the 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate). The research subjects involved 15 children from group B at RA Al-Aziziyah Kapek, West Lombok. The results indicate that the developed media achieved a very high level of validity based on expert evaluations (96% for material experts and 92% for media experts). The practicality of the media is also categorized as very good, with a teacher response score of 94%, particularly in terms of ease of use and its ability to engage children. In terms of effectiveness, there is a significant improvement in children’s science concept understanding, as evidenced by the Paired Sample T-Test results (sig. 0.000 < 0.05), with the mean score increasing from 9.87 to 15.93 and an N-Gain score of 0.60 (moderate category). Therefore, the constructivism-based picture card media is proven to be effective in enhancing science concept understanding in early childhood.
Implementation of In-Depth Learning Methods in Christian Religious Education Learning for Grade XII
The rapid advancement of educational paradigms in the digital era requires teachers to implement innovative instructional approaches that promote meaningful and student-centered learning. This study aims to explore the implementation of the Deep Learning method in Christian Religious Education (CRE) learning for Grade XII students at SMA Negeri 1 Palangka Raya and examine its impact on students' critical thinking, spiritual growth, and learning engagement. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach involving Christian Religious Education teachers and Grade XII students selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and documentation studies, and were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña. The findings reveal that the Deep Learning method successfully transformed conventional teacher-centered instruction into meaningful learning experiences characterized by inquiry, collaboration, reflection, contextual problem-solving, and authentic assessment. The implementation of this method significantly enhanced students' critical thinking abilities, communication skills, collaborative competence, spiritual awareness, and active participation in classroom activities. Students demonstrated greater ability to relate biblical teachings to contemporary social issues and personal experiences. Despite challenges such as differences in students' readiness and limited instructional time, continuous teacher facilitation effectively supported successful implementation. Therefore, the Deep Learning method represents an effective pedagogical approach for improving the quality of Christian Religious Education and supporting the objectives of the Merdeka Curriculum in Indonesian secondary education.
Development of Discipline-Based Character Education Media on the Learning Outcomes of Fifth-Grade Students
The limited use of learning media in schools has hindered the effective implementation of learning, particularly in integrating discipline character education. Therefore, developing learning media is expected to support the implementation of discipline character education while improving students' mathematics learning outcomes. This study aimed to develop learning media based on discipline character education that meet the criteria of validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The study employed the Research and Development (R&D) method using the 4-D development model, consisting of the define, design, develop, and dissemination stages. The development process included media design, expert validation, and field testing. The results showed that the media and design validation achieved an average score of 3.86, while the material validation obtained an average score of 3.75, both categorized as highly valid. The effectiveness test yielded a score of 94.73%, indicating that the media were highly effective, whereas the practicality test based on students' responses reached 93%, indicating that the media were highly practical. These findings demonstrate that the developed learning media based on discipline character education are valid, practical, and effective for improving mathematics learning among fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 203 Bongkamanu.
The The Influence of Learning Facilities, Learning Motivation, Study Discipline, and Parental and Peer Support on Student Academic Achievement
This study aims to analyze the influence of learning facilities, learning motivation, learning discipline, parental support, and peers on the academic achievement of Grade X AKL students in the Basic Accounting subject at SMK N 2 Padang, both directly and indirectly through learning motivation and learning discipline as intervening variables. The study employs a quantitative approach using descriptive and associative methods. The research population consists of all Grade X AKL students, with a sample size of 106 respondents. Data analysis includes path analysis and hypothesis testing (t-test) using SPSS version 25. The results indicate that learning facilities have a positive and significant effect on learning motivation but no effect on learning discipline; parental support has no effect on learning motivation but has a positive and significant effect on learning discipline; peers have a positive and significant effect on learning motivation but no effect on learning discipline; learning motivation has a positive and significant effect on learning discipline; learning discipline has a positive and significant effect on learning motivation; learning facilities have no effect on academic achievement; parental support has no effect on student academic achievement; peers have a positive and significant effect on student academic achievement; learning motivation has a positive and significant effect on student academic achievement; and learning discipline has no effect on student academic achievement.
Development of Animated Video Media Based on Local Wisdom in Pancasila Education Learning for Grade IV Students
Education is a fundamental and invaluable human need. This study aims to develop a valid, practical, and effective Local Wisdom-based Animation Video media in Pancasila Education learning for grade IV of SDN 3 Lubuklinggau. This type of research is Research and Development with the ADDIE development model. The subjects of this study were grade IV students of SDN 3 Lubuklinggau. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. Based on the results of the validity analysis of the Local Wisdom-based Animation Video media on how to appreciate cultural diversity in Indonesia using Aiken's V, the assessment of the language validator was 0.94, the media validator was 0.98, and the material validator was 0.96, meeting the validity criteria. Analysis of the teacher and student practicality sheet assessments showed that the Local Wisdom-based Animation Video media met the very practical criteria with an average score of 82%. Then the effectiveness assessment analysis obtained an average N-Gain score of 0.80 with a high category. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the Local Wisdom-based Animation Video media is proven to be valid, practical, and effective so that it is suitable for use in the material of chapter 4 How to Appreciate Cultural Diversity in Indonesia for grade IV of SDN 3 Lubuklinggau.
Strategic Repositioning of the Islamic Education Management Study Program at PTKI: Integration of Results-Based Quality Management to Enhance Graduate Competitiveness
This study examines efforts to reposition the Islamic Education Management (MPI) Study Program within the Islamic Religious Higher Education (PTKI) ecosystem through a strategic review of national regulations and curriculum adaptability to workplace demands. This research aims to formulate strategic steps to align the curriculum and quality management practices with industry needs to improve graduate competitiveness. Although the MPI curriculum development has referred to the Indonesian National Qualifications Framework (KKNI) and Graduate Learning Outcomes (CPL), tracer study data still shows low absorption of graduates into managerial positions and relevant educational fields. Meanwhile, DIKTIS policies, such as the PTKI Curriculum Guide and KMA No. 347/2022, have established quality standards, but their implementation remains hampered by structural and cultural barriers at the study program level. Using literature study methods and institutional policy analysis through official documents and empirical data from several PTKIN, this study finds an urgent need for a paradigm shift from administrative management to outcome-based quality management supported by cross-sector collaboration. The repositioning of MPI demands the presence of an adaptive curriculum, strategic partnerships with the industrial world, and the active role of DIKTIS as a solution-oriented policy facilitator.
Implementation of Islamic Educational Management through Boarding-Based Student Development to Realize an Effective Madrasah
The development of education in Indonesia is experiencing increasing change and progress, particularly in Islamic-based educational institutions such as madrasas. This study aims to examine in-depth the governance of student development in a boarding school-based education model as an effort to realize an effective and superior Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Tangerang. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, and documentation studies. The data analysis process followed the interactive framework of Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which includes data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, with validity guaranteed through triangulation of sources and techniques. The research findings indicate that the implementation of managerial functions including planning, organizing, mobilizing, and supervising has been harmoniously integrated with the principles of school-based management. This synergy has been proven to create an educational ecosystem conducive to optimizing student potential. This managerial transformation has had a substantial impact on improving academic and non-academic achievements, strengthening students' disciplined, religious, and independent character, and strengthening the image and public trust in the institution. To ensure sustainable quality, this study recommends a comprehensive strategic approach to addressing managerial obstacles, particularly related to strengthening budget allocation, improving coordination, and developing the competencies of boarding school supervisors. Theoretically and practically, this research confirms the significance of transforming boarding school-based student development management in accelerating the achievement of highly competitive madrasahs
The Influence of Academic Supervision of Teachers by the Principal on the Improvement of Learning Outcomes
Improving the quality of basic education is largely determined by the quality of the learning process taking place in the classroom. This study aims to analyze the influence of academic supervision of teachers by the principal on improving learning outcomes at Tlogomulyo Public Elementary School. The study used a quantitative approach with an ex post facto type. The study population was all teachers at Tlogomulyo Public Elementary School, with a saturated sampling technique so that the entire population became respondents. Data were collected through a questionnaire to measure the principal's academic supervision and documentation of learning outcomes as indicators of the dependent variable. Data were analyzed using simple linear regression after first undergoing validity, reliability, normality, and linearity tests. The results showed that academic supervision of teachers by the principal had a positive and significant effect on improving learning outcomes at Tlogomulyo Public Elementary School. Academic supervision implemented through planning, classroom observation, providing feedback, and follow-up coaching was able to improve teachers' pedagogical competence, improve the quality of the learning process, and encourage teachers to be more reflective and innovative in teaching. This improvement in the quality of learning has an impact on improving student learning outcomes, both in terms of activeness, understanding of the material, and academic achievement. Thus, academic supervision by the principal has proven to be an important factor in improving the quality of learning in elementary schools.
Compliance and Violation of the Principles of Politeness in the Marlo-Keisya Podcast: "Don't Want It to End" on the Cataisee YouTube Channel
Politeness in language is an important thing that needs to be considered when communicating so as not to cause hurt, disappointment or feel disadvantaged. This research aims to find out the principle of linguistic politeness and the violation of the principle of linguistic politeness which is validly studied in academic studies. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. The analysis was carried out using the theory of politeness according to Leech which put forward six principles, namely the maxim of wisdom, the maxim of generosity, the maxim of praise, the maxim of humility, the maxim of agreement, and the maxim of sympathy as well as the form of violation of linguistic politeness, namely the violation of the maxim of wisdom, the violation of the maxim of generosity, the violation of the maxim of praise, the violation of the maxim of humility, the violation of the maxim of agreement and the violation of the maxim of sympathy. The data was obtained through the technique of watching and recording. Based on the results of the study, there were 51 conversations that complied with or violated language politeness. Compliance totaled 20 data with details: (1) 3 Maxim Wisdom Data, (2) 1 Maxim Generosity Data, (3) 7 Maxim Praise Data, (4) 5 Maximal Humble Data, (5) 3 Maximal Consensus Data, and (5) 1 Maximal Sympathy Data. A number of politeness violations were found. 31 data with details: (1) 6 data on violations of the maximum of wisdom, (2) 1 data on violations of the maximum of generosity, (3) 7 data of violations of the maximum of praise, (4) 0 data of violations of the maximum of humility, (5) 13 data of violations of the maximum of agreements, (6) 4 data of violations of the maximum of sympathy.
Forms of Presupposition and Construction of Ideological Meaning in the Controversial News of the Animated Film "Merah Putih: One for All" on the Cnn Indonesia YouTube Channel
One of the important studies in pragmatics is presupposition or presupposition. This study aims to identify the form of presumption and analyze the role of presumption in constructing the meaning of ideology in the controversial news of the animated film Merah Putih: One for All on the CNN Indonesia YouTube channel. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive. Data analysis using Yule presumption theory includes existential, factual, lexical, structural, nonfactual, and counterfactual presumptions as well as Van Dijk's critical discourse analysis theory which includes macro, superstructure, and microstructure structures. Data was obtained using the free participation (SBLC) technique. Based on the results of the study, six forms of presumption were found, namely (13) existential presumption, (11) factual presumption, (1) lexical presumption, (1) structural presumption, (1) nonfactual presumption, and (1) confactual presumption. These preconceptions not only serve as an implicit linguistic element, but also play a role in building ideological constructions in the news. The emerging ideologies are (2) the ideology of mutual cooperation, (3) the ideology of nationalism, (4) the ideology of democracy, (2) the ideology of education, (1) the ideology of legitimacy, and (16) the ideology of professionalism which is built through discourse strategies at the macro, superstructure, and microstructure levels.
The Effect of Burpee Training on Improving 50-Meter Breaststroke Speed in Youth Club Athletes at Noren Tirta Buana
Swimming is an aquatic sport that demands technical skill, physical condition, and coordination to achieve optimal performance. This study aims to determine the effect of burpees training on increasing the 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed of youth athletes at Club Noren Tirta Buana. The study used an experimental method with a two-group pretest-posttest design. The study sample consisted of 20 youth athletes selected using purposive sampling techniques and divided into an experimental group and a control group of 10 people each. The experimental group was given burpees training for four weeks with a frequency of three times a week, while the control group underwent regular swimming training without burpees training. The research instrument used a 50-meter breaststroke swimming test measured using a digital stopwatch. Data analysis was carried out through normality tests, homogeneity tests, and t-tests at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the experimental group experienced a better increase in swimming speed compared to the control group. The average value of the swimming time after treatment decreased, indicating an increase in swimming performance. The results of the hypothesis test showed a significant effect of burpees training on increasing the 50-meter breaststroke swimming speed of youth athletes at Club Noren Tirta Buana. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that burpees training is effective as a physical training method to increase the speed of 50-meter breaststroke swimming because it can increase leg muscle strength, explosive power, motor coordination, and muscle endurance which supports athlete performance when swimming.
The Influence of the Problem-Based Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Method on the PAK Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Students
Christian Religious Education (CRE) has an important role in shaping students’ moral character, spiritual awareness, and value-based decision-making in school life. This study aimed to determine the effect of the Problem-Based Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) method on the learning outcomes of Christian Religious Education (CRE) and to examine the differences in learning outcomes between students taught using the Problem-Based CTL method and those taught using the conventional lecture method among eighth-grade students at SMP Kristen Palangka Raya. This research employed a quantitative approach using a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design. The sample consisted of 30 students, divided equally into an experimental class and a control class. Data were collected through observation, documentation, pre-tests, and post-tests, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, normality and homogeneity tests, and the Independent Sample *t*-Test with the assistance of SPSS version 26. The findings revealed that the experimental class achieved a higher mean post-test score (83.13) than the control class (69.80). The Independent Sample *t*-Test produced a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating that the Problem-Based CTL method had a statistically significant positive effect on students' Christian Religious Education learning outcomes and that students taught using the Problem-Based CTL method performed significantly better than those taught through the lecture method. The results indicate that contextual and problem-based learning promotes active participation, critical thinking, meaningful learning, and the ability to connect biblical concepts with real-life situations, thereby improving students' cognitive achievement.
The Role of Islamic Religious Education in Shaping the Character of Elementary School Students in the Digital Era: A Case Study at SDN 010 Bontang Utara
The rapid advancement of digital technology has the potential to erode the character and morality of elementary school students through exposure to negative content on social media, particularly when not counterbalanced by a strong foundation of Islamic Religious Education (IRE). This study aims to analyze the role of IRE in shaping students' character, to identify shifts in student character in the digital era, and to explore students' experiences in participating in IRE learning at SDN 010 Bontang Utara. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews with the principal, IRE teachers, homeroom teachers, students, parents, education staff, and the school committee, and documentation study. Data were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, with trustworthiness established through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results indicate that IRE at SDN 010 Bontang Utara has contributed meaningfully to instilling values of honesty, responsibility, patience, empathy, and humility through methods adapted to grade levels, ranging from habituation and modelling in lower grades to reflective-dialogical approaches in upper grades. However, its effectiveness is still constrained by intense exposure to negative digital content, which triggers character shifts such as the use of coarse language, declining manners, and digital bullying, particularly among upper-grade students. Students' learning experiences of IRE are generally positive, yet a gap remains between instructional content and the digital realities students face daily. This study recommends strengthening a more contextual, adaptive, and digitally literate approach to IRE grounded in Islamic values, alongside closer synergy among teachers, parents, and the school ecosystem as a moral safeguard for the digital generation.
Classroom Teachers' Strategies in Instilling the Value of Religious Tolerance Based on Islamic Teachings to Elementary School Students: A Case Study at SD Negeri 006 Bontang Utara
Religious tolerance is a fundamental character value that should be cultivated from elementary education, particularly in Indonesia's multicultural society. This study aims to analyze students' religious tolerance attitudes, identify teachers' strategies for internalizing tolerance values based on Islamic teachings, and examine the challenges and solutions encountered at SD Negeri 006 Bontang Utara. A qualitative descriptive case study approach was employed. Data were collected through participant observation, unstructured interviews, and documentation involving eight informants, including the principal, one Islamic Religious Education teacher, and six classroom teachers. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, while trustworthiness was ensured through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The findings indicate that students generally demonstrate passive tolerance, characterized by religion-based peer grouping and discriminatory behaviors that become more complex across grade levels. Teachers promote tolerance through role modeling, habituation, reflective discussions, project-based learning, heterogeneous grouping, and inclusive prayer activities. However, implementation remains fragmented due to exclusive family influences, limited teaching materials, and inconsistent teacher practices. The study recommends institutional guidelines, professional learning communities, and stronger school–parent collaboration to foster sustainable religious tolerance.
Analysis of Teachers' Efforts to Apply Gamification Methods in Learning Christian Religious Education for Grade V
Education plays a crucial role in developing students’ knowledge, character, behavior, and skills in accordance with the demands of the modern era. This study aims to describe the implementation of gamification in Christian Religious Education learning and the teacher’s efforts to evaluate student learning outcomes in fifth-grade students at SD Negeri 1 Panarung. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method with data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation involving one Christian Religious Education teacher and fifth-grade students. The findings reveal that gamification was implemented through careful lesson planning and the integration of game elements such as points, rewards, quizzes, educational games, and Superbook videos to create a more interactive, enjoyable, and meaningful learning environment. The teacher used gamification not only to increase students’ motivation, participation, and understanding of the material, but also to maintain the spiritual and moral objectives of Christian Religious Education. In evaluating learning outcomes, the teacher applied continuous and process-oriented assessment through quizzes, oral questioning, classroom observation, group activities, and direct feedback in the form of points and rewards. The evaluation covered students’ cognitive understanding, memory of the lesson, classroom engagement, confidence, cooperation, and enthusiasm during the learning process.
Implementation of Literacy Tree Media In Improving Elementary School Students' Indonesian Language Learning Outcomes
This study aims to improve Indonesian language learning outcomes by implementing the Literacy Tree model for fourth-grade students at Ponjalae Elementary School 7, Palopo City. This study is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) conducted at Ponjalae Elementary School 7, Palopo City. This classroom action research was conducted in cycles, consisting of Cycle I and Cycle II. The subjects in this study were 22 fourth-grade students. Data collection techniques used included tests, learning implementation observation sheets, and student activity observation sheets. The results of this study indicate that after two cycles of intervention, the average score of the Indonesian language learning outcome test using the Literacy Tree media for fourth-grade students at Elementary School 7 Ponjalae, Palopo City, increased in cycle I, resulting in an average individual score of 70.18 with a classical completion percentage of 63.64%. In cycle II, the average individual score was 88.4 with a classical completion percentage of 86.4%, an increase from cycle I. Therefore, it can be concluded that implementing the Literacy Tree media can improve the Indonesian language learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at Elementary School 7 Ponjalae, Palopo City.
Improving Early Reading Skills Using Illustrated Syllable Cardsamong First-Grade Students
Initial reading skills are basic skills that must be mastered by elementary school students because they are the foundation for acquiring knowledge at the next level of learning. The results of initial observations in grade I of SDN 110 Saele, East Luwu Regency show that students' initial reading ability is still low, characterized by difficulty recognizing letters, pronouncing syllables, and stringing syllables into simple words. This research aims to improve students' initial reading ability through the use of illustrated syllable card media. The research uses the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method with the Kemmis and McTaggart models which is carried out in two cycles, each including the stages of planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 18 students in grade I of SDN 110 Saele. The data collection technique was carried out through observation and initial reading tests, while the data was analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results of the study show that the use of illustrated syllable card media is able to improve students' initial reading ability as shown by increasing student activity during learning, better learning implementation, and increasing the completeness of learning outcomes to achieve the set success indicators. Thus, the medium of illustrated syllable cards is effectively used as an alternative learning medium to improve the initial reading ability of elementary school grade I students.
Principal Management Strategies for Enhancing Teachers' Digital Literacy and the Quality of Instruction
The transformation of education in the digital era requires elementary schools to no longer focus solely on conventional academic achievement but also on strengthening the digital competencies of all school members, especially teachers as the primary implementers of the learning process. This study aims to analyze the principal's management strategies in improving teachers' digital literacy and the quality of learning at SD Negeri 2 Purwojati Kertek Wonosobo. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The research subjects included the principal, teachers, and related parties at the school. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis used an interactive model that includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the principal's strategies were implemented through planning digital literacy improvement programs, implementing teacher training and mentoring, providing supporting facilities, and supervising and evaluating technology-based learning. The implementation of teacher digital literacy was evident in the use of digital learning media, the use of online learning resources, a variety of learning methods, and technology-based evaluations that contributed to improving the quality of learning. Supporting factors for the principal's strategies included leadership commitment, collaboration between teachers, and the availability of digital resources, while inhibiting factors included teachers' digital skill gaps, limited time, and suboptimal ongoing training. This study concluded that a planned, adaptive, and sustainable principal management strategy plays a significant role in improving teachers' digital literacy and the quality of learning in elementary schools.
Representation of Social Stigma Through Expressive Speech Acts in the Novel "Perkumpulan Anak Luar Negeri" by Grace Tioso
This study examines the representation of social stigma through expressive speech in the novel Perkumpulan Anak Luar Nikah by Grace Tioso. Expressive speech used between characters not only serves as an emotional expression, but also as a means of formation, reproduction, and resistance to social stigma. This research aims to describe the form of expressive speech and analyze the representation of social stigma that is manifested through the speech of the characters in the novel. The method used is qualitative descriptive with a contextual pragmatic approach. Data in the form of speech between characters containing expressive speech was collected through reading and recording techniques, then analyzed using Searle's theory of expressive speech, Goffman's concept of social stigma, and the mechanism of stigma according to Link and Phelan. The results of the study showed that there are four forms of expressive speech, namely mocking, criticizing, complaining, and expressing dislike. The four forms represent social stigma through the mechanisms of labeling, stereotyping, separation, status loss, and discrimination against figures based on their birth status, ethnic identity, and social position. In addition to representing the reproduction of stigma, expressive speech also depicts the psychological impact and resistance of characters to social discrimination. This study confirms that pragmatic studies can reveal the social dimension of language in literary works, as well as show the role of language in shaping and opposing stigmatizing practices in society.
Development of Thematic Monopoly Media to Optimize Early Mathematical Skills in Children Aged 5–6 Years
In early childhood education, mathematics is not merely about introducing numbers. This study aimed to develop, determine the feasibility, and examine the effectiveness of Thematic Monopoly media in optimizing the early mathematics skills of children aged 5–6 years. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The study was conducted at TK Ar-Rahmah, Terkul Village, Rupat District, Bengkalis Regency, Riau Province, involving 16 children in Group B. Data were collected through observation, interviews, validation sheets, teacher response questionnaires, and field trials. The results of the needs analysis showed that the existing learning media for early mathematics were still limited in terms of interactivity, variation, and contextual relevance, thus requiring the development of a more engaging and developmentally appropriate medium. The feasibility of the product was confirmed by expert validation results, with scores of 85% from the material expert, 90% from the media expert, and 95% from the practitioner, all categorized as very valid. Product trials also showed highly positive results, with an average score of 88.3% across individual, small-group, and large-group trials, while teacher responses during limited implementation reached 89.5%, and classroom activity observations reached 81.75%. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that the use of Thematic Monopoly media had a positive impact on children’s motivation, participation, enthusiasm, and understanding of early mathematical concepts.
Fostering Higher-Order Thinking Skills through Deep Learning in EFL Classrooms: A Teacher’s Perspective
The cultivation of Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) has emerged as a fundamental priority in modern education, particularly in the context of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning. Educational discourse increasingly emphasizes the need for learners to develop analytical, evaluative, and creative capacities that extend beyond the acquisition of linguistic knowledge. Within this framework, deep learning, conceptualized as a pedagogical approach that prioritizes meaningful understanding, inquiry, and active knowledge construction, is widely regarded as an effective pathway for enhancing cognitive engagement. Despite its theoretical appeal, empirical examinations of how deep learning facilitates HOTS in real classroom environments remain relatively scarce, especially when viewed through the lens of teachers’ experiences. This study adopted a qualitative descriptive methodology to investigate the enactment of deep learning practices in an EFL classroom at SMA Negeri 7 Denpasar. Data were obtained through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with an English teacher, and analysis of instructional documents. Thematic analysis was employed to interpret recurring instructional patterns and cognitive processes. The findings reveal that deep learning strategies, including student-centered activities, inquiry-based questioning, collaborative interaction, and contextualized tasks, were associated with the development of HOTS. These results underscore deep learning’s potential to foster cognitively rich and reflective language learning experiences
Implementation of Organizational Culture in Building Students' Character: A Qualitative Study in Religious-Based Junior High Schools
Organizational culture is one of the key factors determining the success of educational institutions, as it influences the behavior, values, and commitment of all school members. This study aims to describe the implementation of organizational culture in fostering students' character development in religion-based junior high schools. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with principals and teachers from two junior high schools. Data analysis was conducted using the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that organizational culture is built upon religious values, character development, discipline, social responsibility, and achievement, which are internalized through leadership role modeling, habitual practices, school programs, and teachers' professional development. Principals play a pivotal role as change agents by conducting supervision, monitoring, evaluation, and providing continuous motivation to all school members. The implementation of organizational culture is supported by effective communication, teachers' commitment, and parental involvement, while challenges arise from differences in family backgrounds, inconsistent implementation of cultural values, and limited resources. The study concludes that a strong organizational culture significantly strengthens character education and contributes to improving overall school quality.