Innovative and Charismatic Authority Types of Principal Leadership in Increasing Competitiveness

Abstract

This study aims to examine sociologically how innovative principal leadership combined with charismatic authority can increase the competitiveness of Islamic Elementary Schools. Using a qualitative case study approach, this study was conducted at Islamic Elementary School Ma'arif NU 01 Gancang, which is designated as an Islamic Elementary School. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews with the principal, vice principal, teachers, education staff, and school committee, as well as document analysis and academic profiles. The research findings indicate that the principal not only carries out standard managerial functions, but simultaneously develops strategic project-based innovations and fosters collective legitimacy and commitment through inspiring role models and extensive social networks. This study found three main findings: first, the emerging innovations are responsive to the challenges of the times (digitalization, curriculum autonomy, job market needs) and are more directed towards structured innovations in governance, learning, and partnerships; Second, the charismatic authority of the principal is built through convincing communication competencies, personal role models, and strong social networks with the education office, the business world, and the surrounding community; Third, the combination of innovation and charisma has been proven to increase organizational cohesion and motivation of school residents which leads to consistent improvements in academic and non-academic achievements at the regional and national levels. This study concludes that the principal of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah plays a role as an agent of change who simultaneously carries out two logics at once: managerial-rational logic (innovation) and cultural-symbolic logic (charismatic authority). These findings enrich the theory of educational leadership and the practice of superior school management in Indonesia.